Question

我想写下一个bash脚本，它接受路径名，新目录名和一些字符串，只复制该路径中的文件及其子文件夹，这些文件是常规文件，并且至少包含一个字符串创建目录。

为了测试我的脚本，我创建了一些虚拟目录

/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/:
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 4 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:42 A
-rw-r--r-- 1 haunted85 haunted85  236 apr 13 16:42 a.out
drwxr-xr-x 2 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:43 B

/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/A:
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:42 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 haunted85 haunted85   93 apr 13 16:41 a.out
-rw-r--r-- 1 haunted85 haunted85  101 apr 13 16:42 b.out

/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/B:
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:43 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 haunted85 haunted85 4096 apr 13 16:42 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 haunted85 haunted85  292 apr 13 16:43 c.out

这是我的剧本

#! /bin/sh

if [ "$#" -lt "3" ]; then
    echo "Error: cannot perform any task without enough input." 2>&1
    echo "Usage: ./creaDirectory <path_name> <dir_name> <word>[, <word2>, ..., <wordN>]"
    exit 1
else
    if [ -d "$1" ]; then
        # Saving pathname...
        path_name=$1
        # Moving forward
        shift

        # Saving new dir name...
        dir_name=$1
        # Moving forward
        shift

        # Creating new directory
        mkdir $dir_name

        # If correctly created...
        if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
            echo "$dir_name created."

            # For every file in the current directory and its subfolders...
            for file in `ls -R $path_name` 
            do
                echo "Checking $file..."
                # if the file is regular

                if [ -f $file ]; then
                    echo "$file is regular"

                     # perform other actions as well...
                else
                    echo "$file is not regular"
                fi
            done    

        else
            echo "Error: cannot create new directory." 2>&1
            exit 3
        fi 

    else

        echo "$1 does not exist or it is not a directory." 2>&1
        exit 2
    fi
fi

我的问题是条件if [ -f $file ];似乎没有正常工作，因为没有找到常规文件，但显然不是这样！那么我做错了什么？

编辑：添加我得到的输出。您可以自己查看，这些都是正确的路径/文件名：

copia_file created.
Checking /home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/:...
/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/: is not a regular file
Checking A...
A is not a regular file
Checking a.out...
a.out is not a regular file
Checking B...
B is not a regular file
Checking /home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/A:...
/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/A: is not a regular file
Checking a.out...
a.out is not a regular file
Checking b.out...
b.out is not a regular file
Checking /home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/B:...
/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/B: is not a regular file
Checking c.out...
c.out is not a regular file

Answer 1

请注意，ls -R $path将返回没有路径的文件名，例如如果你有

for file in `ls -R $path_name`
do
   echo $file
done

你的输出就像是

/home/haunted85/Documenti/Sandbox/:
A
a.out
B
etc...

你正在做

if [ -f A ]

将失败，因为A不在脚本执行的目录中。

尝试

for file in `find $path_name -type f`

相反，它将返回所有匹配文件的完整路径。

对常规文件的测试意外失败

1 个答案: