出于安全原因，我必须将struts2-tiles-plugin的引用从2.0.X更新为2.3.16.1。 我使用以下命令更新我的web.xml：
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
但是当我部署应用程序时出现错误：
12:20:57,851 ERROR [[/pectWeb]] StandardWrapper.Throwable
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/digester/RuleSet
at org.quartz.plugins.xml.JobInitializationPlugin.processFile(JobInitializationPlugin.java:397)
at org.quartz.plugins.xml.JobInitializationPlugin.start(JobInitializationPlugin.java:375)
at org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler.startPlugins(QuartzScheduler.java:1919)
at org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler.start(QuartzScheduler.java:397)
at org.quartz.impl.StdScheduler.start(StdScheduler.java:147)
at org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerServlet.init(QuartzInitializerServlet.java:158)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1048)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:950)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4122)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4417)
at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.deployers.TomcatDeployment.performDeployInternal(TomcatDeployment.java:321)
at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.deployers.TomcatDeployment.performDeploy(TomcatDeployment.java:145)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.AbstractWarDeployment.start(AbstractWarDeployment.java:461)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.WebModule.startModule(WebModule.java:118)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.WebModule.start(WebModule.java:97)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.jboss.mx.interceptor.ReflectedDispatcher.invoke(ReflectedDispatcher.java:157)
at org.jboss.mx.server.Invocation.dispatch(Invocation.java:96)
at org.jboss.mx.server.Invocation.invoke(Invocation.java:88)
at org.jboss.mx.server.AbstractMBeanInvoker.invoke(AbstractMBeanInvoker.java:264)
at org.jboss.mx.server.MBeanServerImpl.invoke(MBeanServerImpl.java:668)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.ServiceProxy.invoke(ServiceProxy.java:206)
at $Proxy38.start(Unknown Source)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.StartStopLifecycleAction.installAction(StartStopLifecycleAction.java:42)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.StartStopLifecycleAction.installAction(StartStopLifecycleAction.java:37)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.action.SimpleControllerContextAction.simpleInstallAction(SimpleControllerContextAction.java:62)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.action.AccessControllerContextAction.install(AccessControllerContextAction.java:71)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContextActions.install(AbstractControllerContextActions.java:51)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContext.install(AbstractControllerContext.java:348)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.ServiceControllerContext.install(ServiceControllerContext.java:297)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.install(AbstractController.java:1652)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.incrementState(AbstractController.java:938)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:1082)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:988)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:826)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:556)
at org.jboss.system.ServiceController.doChange(ServiceController.java:688)
at org.jboss.system.ServiceController.start(ServiceController.java:460)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.start(ServiceDeployer.java:163)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.deploy(ServiceDeployer.java:99)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.deploy(ServiceDeployer.java:46)
at org.jboss.deployers.spi.deployer.helpers.AbstractSimpleRealDeployer.internalDeploy(AbstractSimpleRealDeployer.java:62)
at org.jboss.deployers.spi.deployer.helpers.AbstractRealDeployer.deploy(AbstractRealDeployer.java:55)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployerWrapper.deploy(DeployerWrapper.java:179)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doDeploy(DeployersImpl.java:1454)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doInstallParentFirst(DeployersImpl.java:1172)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doInstallParentFirst(DeployersImpl.java:1193)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.install(DeployersImpl.java:1113)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContext.install(AbstractControllerContext.java:348)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.install(AbstractController.java:1652)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.incrementState(AbstractController.java:938)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:1082)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:988)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:826)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:556)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.process(DeployersImpl.java:789)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.main.MainDeployerImpl.process(MainDeployerImpl.java:699)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.repository.MainDeployerAdapter.process(MainDeployerAdapter.java:117)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.hotdeploy.HDScanner.scan(HDScanner.java:409)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.hotdeploy.HDScanner.run(HDScanner.java:294)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRunAndReset(FutureTask.java:317)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.runAndReset(FutureTask.java:150)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$101(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:98)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.runPeriodic(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:204)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.digester.RuleSet from BaseClassLoader@1665a0d{vfsfile:/D:/Server/jboss-as/server/all/conf/jboss-service.xml}
at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClass(BaseClassLoader.java:477)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)
... 72 more
12:20:57,853 ERROR [[/pectWeb]] Servlet /pectWeb threw load() exception
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.digester.RuleSet from BaseClassLoader@1665a0d{vfsfile:/D:/Server/jboss-as/server/all/conf/jboss-service.xml}
at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClass(BaseClassLoader.java:477)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)
at org.quartz.plugins.xml.JobInitializationPlugin.processFile(JobInitializationPlugin.java:397)
at org.quartz.plugins.xml.JobInitializationPlugin.start(JobInitializationPlugin.java:375)
at org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler.startPlugins(QuartzScheduler.java:1919)
at org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler.start(QuartzScheduler.java:397)
at org.quartz.impl.StdScheduler.start(StdScheduler.java:147)
at org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerServlet.init(QuartzInitializerServlet.java:158)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1048)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:950)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4122)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4417)
at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.deployers.TomcatDeployment.performDeployInternal(TomcatDeployment.java:321)
at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.deployers.TomcatDeployment.performDeploy(TomcatDeployment.java:145)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.AbstractWarDeployment.start(AbstractWarDeployment.java:461)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.WebModule.startModule(WebModule.java:118)
at org.jboss.web.deployers.WebModule.start(WebModule.java:97)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.jboss.mx.interceptor.ReflectedDispatcher.invoke(ReflectedDispatcher.java:157)
at org.jboss.mx.server.Invocation.dispatch(Invocation.java:96)
at org.jboss.mx.server.Invocation.invoke(Invocation.java:88)
at org.jboss.mx.server.AbstractMBeanInvoker.invoke(AbstractMBeanInvoker.java:264)
at org.jboss.mx.server.MBeanServerImpl.invoke(MBeanServerImpl.java:668)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.ServiceProxy.invoke(ServiceProxy.java:206)
at $Proxy38.start(Unknown Source)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.StartStopLifecycleAction.installAction(StartStopLifecycleAction.java:42)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.StartStopLifecycleAction.installAction(StartStopLifecycleAction.java:37)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.action.SimpleControllerContextAction.simpleInstallAction(SimpleControllerContextAction.java:62)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.action.AccessControllerContextAction.install(AccessControllerContextAction.java:71)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContextActions.install(AbstractControllerContextActions.java:51)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContext.install(AbstractControllerContext.java:348)
at org.jboss.system.microcontainer.ServiceControllerContext.install(ServiceControllerContext.java:297)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.install(AbstractController.java:1652)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.incrementState(AbstractController.java:938)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:1082)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:988)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:826)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:556)
at org.jboss.system.ServiceController.doChange(ServiceController.java:688)
at org.jboss.system.ServiceController.start(ServiceController.java:460)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.start(ServiceDeployer.java:163)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.deploy(ServiceDeployer.java:99)
at org.jboss.system.deployers.ServiceDeployer.deploy(ServiceDeployer.java:46)
at org.jboss.deployers.spi.deployer.helpers.AbstractSimpleRealDeployer.internalDeploy(AbstractSimpleRealDeployer.java:62)
at org.jboss.deployers.spi.deployer.helpers.AbstractRealDeployer.deploy(AbstractRealDeployer.java:55)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployerWrapper.deploy(DeployerWrapper.java:179)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doDeploy(DeployersImpl.java:1454)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doInstallParentFirst(DeployersImpl.java:1172)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.doInstallParentFirst(DeployersImpl.java:1193)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.install(DeployersImpl.java:1113)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractControllerContext.install(AbstractControllerContext.java:348)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.install(AbstractController.java:1652)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.incrementState(AbstractController.java:938)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:1082)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.resolveContexts(AbstractController.java:988)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:826)
at org.jboss.dependency.plugins.AbstractController.change(AbstractController.java:556)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.deployers.DeployersImpl.process(DeployersImpl.java:789)
at org.jboss.deployers.plugins.main.MainDeployerImpl.process(MainDeployerImpl.java:699)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.repository.MainDeployerAdapter.process(MainDeployerAdapter.java:117)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.hotdeploy.HDScanner.scan(HDScanner.java:409)
at org.jboss.system.server.profileservice.hotdeploy.HDScanner.run(HDScanner.java:294)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRunAndReset(FutureTask.java:317)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.runAndReset(FutureTask.java:150)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$101(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:98)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.runPeriodic(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:204)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
依赖于commons-digest，也在目标文件夹中有jar，但是这个错误发生了，我不知道为什么
这是我的pom.xml
...
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-providedr-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
<webResources>
<resource>
<directory>src</directory>
<targetPath>WEB-INF/classes</targetPath>
</resource>
</webResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>pectWeb</finalName>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>displaytag</groupId>
<artifactId>displaytag</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jcl104-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>itext</artifactId>
<groupId>com.lowagie</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
<type>jar</type>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-digester</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-digester</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging-api</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
<type>jar</type>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-digester</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-digester</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging-api</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
<type>jar</type>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging-api</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-tiles-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.16.1</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.igfay.jfig</groupId>
<artifactId>jfig</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-digester</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-digester</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>logkit</artifactId>
<groupId>logkit</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>avalon-framework</artifactId>
<groupId>avalon-framework</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>it.infocamere.pect.pect-jlx</groupId>
<artifactId>pectCommons</artifactId>
<version>0.0.8-SNAPSHOT</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<groupId>quartz</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>legalmail-client</artifactId>
<groupId>it.infocert.legalmail</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>imq</artifactId>
<groupId>com.sun.messaging.mq</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
答案 0 :(得分：0)
对于struts 2.3.16.1，你必须使用commons-digester-2.1.jar
如果您使用的是maven，请务必添加
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.16.1</version>
</dependency>
还要确保应用程序库或服务器commons lib文件夹中没有其他commons-digester jar。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我解决了设置提供了我的pectCommons依赖关系，并在我的WebApplication之前将我的Ear部署到我的EJB。