Question

我有一个拥有庞大客户群的django网站。我想让我们的客户服务部门能够更改普通用户帐户，更改密码，电子邮件地址等等。但是，如果我授予某人内置的auth | user | Can change user权限，他们就能够在任何帐户上设置is_superuser标志，包括他们自己的标志。（！）

为非超级用户员工删除此选项的最佳方法是什么？我确定它涉及继承django.contrib.auth.forms.UserChangeForm并将其挂钩到我已经定制的UserAdmin对象......某种程度上。但是我找不到任何关于如何做到这一点的文档，而且我还不太了解内部结构。

Answer 1

他们可以在任何帐户上设置is_superuser标志，包括他们自己的标志。（！）

不仅如此，他们还能够逐一给予自己任何权限，同样的效果......

我确定它涉及子类化django.contrib.auth.forms.UserChangeForm

嗯，不一定。您在django管理员的更改页面中看到的表单由管理应用程序动态创建，并基于UserChangeForm，但此类几乎不会将{regex验证添加到username字段。

并将其挂钩到我已经自定义的UserAdmin对象中......

自定义UserAdmin是前往此处的方式。基本上，您希望将fieldsets属性更改为：

class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
        (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
        # Removing the permission part
        # (_('Permissions'), {'fields': ('is_staff', 'is_active', 'is_superuser', 'user_permissions')}),
        (_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
        # Keeping the group parts? Ok, but they shouldn't be able to define
        # their own groups, up to you...
        (_('Groups'), {'fields': ('groups',)}),
    )

但问题在于此限制将适用于所有用户。如果这不是您想要的，您可以例如覆盖change_view，以根据用户的权限采取不同的行为。代码段：

class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    staff_fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
        (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
        # No permissions
        (_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
        (_('Groups'), {'fields': ('groups',)}),
    )

    def change_view(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # for non-superuser
        if not request.user.is_superuser:
            try:
                self.fieldsets = self.staff_fieldsets
                response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, *args, **kwargs)
            finally:
                # Reset fieldsets to its original value
                self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets
            return response
        else:
            return super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, *args, **kwargs)

Answer 2

接受答案的以下部分具有竞争条件，如果两名员工用户同时尝试访问管理员表单，则其中一人可能获得超级用户表单。

try:
    self.readonly_fields = self.staff_self_readonly_fields
    response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
finally:
    # Reset fieldsets to its original value
    self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets

为了避免这种竞争条件（我认为提高了解决方案的整体质量），我们可以直接覆盖get_fieldsets()和get_readonly_fields()方法：

class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    staff_fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('username')}),
        ('Personal info', {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
        # No permissions
        ('Important dates', {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
    )
    staff_readonly_fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'last_login', 'date_joined')

    def get_fieldsets(self, request, obj=None):
        if not request.user.is_superuser:
            return self.staff_fieldsets
        else:
            return super(UserAdmin, self).get_fieldsets(request, obj)

    def get_readonly_fields(self, request, obj=None):
        if not request.user.is_superuser:
            return self.staff_readonly_fields
        else:
            return super(UserAdmin, self).get_readonly_fields(request, obj)

Answer 3

非常感谢克莱门特。我在为我的网站做同样的事情时想到的是，我还需要为除了自己以外的用户提供所有字段。因此，基于Clément的答案，我在查看非自我时，只读取字段和密码字段隐藏

class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    model = User
    staff_self_fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
        (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
        # No permissions
        (_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
    )

    staff_other_fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('username', )}),
        (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
        # No permissions
        (_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
    )

    staff_self_readonly_fields = ('last_login', 'date_joined')

    def change_view(self, request, object_id, form_url='', extra_context=None, *args, **kwargs):
        # for non-superuser
        if not request.user.is_superuser:
            try:
                if int(object_id) != request.user.id:
                    self.readonly_fields = User._meta.get_all_field_names()
                    self.fieldsets = self.staff_other_fieldsets
                else:
                    self.readonly_fields = self.staff_self_readonly_fields
                    self.fieldsets = self.staff_self_fieldsets

                response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
            except:
                logger.error('Admin change view error. Returned all readonly fields')

                self.fieldsets = self.staff_other_fieldsets
                self.readonly_fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'username', 'password', 'last_login', 'date_joined')
                response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
            finally:
                # Reset fieldsets to its original value
                self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets
                self.readonly_fields = UserAdmin.readonly_fields
            return response
        else:
            return super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)

Answer 4

django 1.1的完整代码（限于员工（非超级用户）的基本用户信息）

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _


class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
   my_fieldsets = (
       (None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
       (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
   )

   def change_view(self, request, object_id, extra_context=None):
       # for non-superuser
       print 'test'
       if not request.user.is_superuser:
           self.fieldsets = self.my_fieldsets
           response = UserAdmin.change_view(self, request, object_id,
extra_context=None)
           return response
       else:
           return UserAdmin.change_view(self, request, object_id,
extra_context=None)


admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, MyUserAdmin)

Answer 5

此方法是通过网络上的一些有用技巧组合而成的。在这种情况下，我们正在修改UserAdmin，以便对于具有用户添加/更改权限的非超级用户人员，他们可以授予另一个用户的唯一权限和组就是该员工已经拥有的权限。

（对于Django 1.11）

from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin, User
from django.contrib import admin

class RestrictedUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    model = User

    def formfield_for_dbfield(self, db_field, **kwargs):
        field = super(RestrictedUserAdmin, self).formfield_for_dbfield(db_field, **kwargs)
        user = kwargs['request'].user
        if not user.is_superuser:
            if db_field.name == 'groups':
                field.queryset = field.queryset.filter(id__in=[i.id for i in user.groups.all()])
            if db_field.name == 'user_permissions':
                field.queryset = field.queryset.filter(id__in=[i.id for i in user.user_permissions.all()])
            if db_field.name == 'is_superuser':
                field.widget.attrs['disabled'] = True
        return field

admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, RestrictedUserAdmin)

如果授予用户更改组的权限，同样应该对GroupAdmin执行此操作。

在授予“用户更改”权限时，如何防止Django管理员中的权限升级？

5 个答案: