如何取消等待Task.Delay()?

时间:2014-04-04 20:38:50

标签: c# async-await

正如您在此代码中看到的那样:

public async void TaskDelayTest()
{
     while (LoopCheck)
     {
          for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
          {
               textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
               await Task.Delay(1000);
          }
     }
}

我希望它将文本框设置为i的字符串值,时间为一秒,直到我将LoopCheck值设置为false。但它的作用是它为所有人创建了所有迭代的内容,即使我将LoopCheck值设置为false,它仍然会执行它异步执行的操作。

我想在设置Task.Delay()时取消所有等待的LoopCheck=false次迭代。我该如何取消?

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:25)

使用接受Task.Delay

CancellationToken overload
public async void TaskDelayTest(CancellationToken token)
{
    while (LoopCheck)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        {
            textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
            await Task.Delay(1000, token);
        }
    }
}
...
var tokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
TaskDelayTest(tokenSource.Token);
...
// cancelling
LoopCheck = false;
tokenSource.Cancel();

答案 1 :(得分:8)

如果您要进行投票,请在CancellationToken上进行投票:

public async Task TaskDelayTestAsync(CancellationToken token)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
  {
    textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
    await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), token);
  }
}

有关详细信息,请参阅cancellation documentation

答案 2 :(得分:4)

关于拥有取消令牌并使用try-catch阻止它引发异常的简短评论-您的迭代块可能由于不同的原因而失败,或者由于不同的任务被取消而失败(例如(通过子方法中的http请求超时),因此要使取消令牌不引发异常,您可能需要更复杂的catch块

public async void TaskDelayTest(CancellationToken token)
{
    while (!token.IsCancellationRequested)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        {
            try
            {
                textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
                await DoSomethingThatMightFail();
                await Task.Delay(1000, token);
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException) when (token.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                //task is cancelled, return or do something else
                return;
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                 //this is an actual error, log/throw/dostuff here
            }
        }
    }
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static DateTime start;
        static CancellationTokenSource tokenSource;
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            start = DateTime.Now;
            Console.WriteLine(start);


            TaskDelayTest();

            TaskCancel();

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        public static async void TaskCancel()
        {
            await Task.Delay(3000);

            tokenSource?.Cancel();

            DateTime end = DateTime.Now;
            Console.WriteLine(end);
            Console.WriteLine((end - start).TotalMilliseconds);
        }

        public static async void TaskDelayTest()
        {
            tokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();

            try
            {
                await Task.Delay(2000, tokenSource.Token);
                DateTime end = DateTime.Now;
                Console.WriteLine(end);
                Console.WriteLine((end - start).TotalMilliseconds);
            }
            catch (TaskCanceledException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                tokenSource.Dispose();
                tokenSource = null;
            }
        }
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:-1)

遇到这个问题后,我写了一个替代品,如果你想进行轮询,它会按预期运行:

public static class TaskDelaySafe
{
    public static async Task Delay(int millisecondsDelay, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(millisecondsDelay), cancellationToken);
    }

    public static async Task Delay(TimeSpan delay, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var tokenSource = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(cancellationToken);
        var task = new TaskCompletionSource<int>();

        tokenSource.Token.Register(() => task.SetResult(0));

        await Task.WhenAny(
            Task.Delay(delay, CancellationToken.None),
            task.Task);
    }
}

它使用取消令牌回调来完成任务,然后等待该合成任务或没有取消令牌的普通 Task.Delay。这样当源令牌被取消时它不会抛出异常,但仍然通过返回执行来响应取消。调用后还需要检查IsCancellationRequested来决定如果取消了怎么办。

单元测试,如果有人感兴趣:

    [Test]
    public async Task TaskDelay_WaitAlongTime()
    {
        var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
        await Base.Framework.TaskDelaySafe.Delay(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
        Assert.IsTrue(sw.Elapsed > System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(4));
    }

    [Test]
    public async Task TaskDelay_DoesNotWaitAlongTime()
    {
        var tokenSource = new System.Threading.CancellationTokenSource(250);

        var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
        await Base.Framework.TaskDelaySafe.Delay(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), tokenSource.Token);
        Assert.IsTrue(sw.Elapsed < System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
    }

    [Test]
    public async Task TaskDelay_PrecancelledToken()
    {
        var tokenSource = new System.Threading.CancellationTokenSource();
        tokenSource.Cancel();

        var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
        await Base.Framework.TaskDelaySafe.Delay(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), tokenSource.Token);
        Assert.IsTrue(sw.Elapsed < System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
    }

答案 5 :(得分:-2)

这可能是一个非常愚蠢和基本的解决方案,但我的想法是......

public async void TaskDelayTest()
{
     while (LoopCheck)
     {
          for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
          {
               textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
               await Delay(1000);
          }
     }
}

private async void Delay(int delayInMillisecond)
{
    for(int i=0; i<delayInMillisecond; i++)
    {
        await Task.Delay(1)
        if(!LoopCheck)
            break;
    }
}

此方法的优点是您只需将LoopCheck设置为false即可实现目标,而其他方法则需要同时使用CancellationTokenSource.Cancel()。是的,这最多需要1毫秒来摆脱循环,但没有人能注意到这一点。

如果您希望延迟更准确,请尝试以下方法。

public async void TaskDelayTest()
{
     while (LoopCheck)
     {
          for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
          {
               textBox1.Text = i.ToString();
               await Task.Run(()=>Delay(1000));
          }
     }
}

private void Delay(int delayInMillisecond)
{
    double delayInSec = (double) delayInMillisecond / 1000;
    var sw = new Stopwatch();
    sw.Start();
    while(true){
        double ticks = sw.ElapsedTicks;
        double seconds = ticks / Stopwatch.Frequency;
        if(seconds >= delayInSec || !LoopCheck)
            break;
    }
}