如何布局这个GUI？

Question

我在java中创建一个GUI。目前我有一个空的JFrame，我正在尝试添加一个JPanel。 JPanel包含按钮，文本等。但是这些都没有正确显示。我的代码如下：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;


public class memoDisplayUI { 


JFrame frame = new JFrame();
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
JTextArea jTextBox = new JTextArea();
JScrollPane scroll = new JScrollPane();


/**
 * Launch the application.
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            try {
                memoDisplayUI frame = new memoDisplayUI();
                frame.frame.setVisible(true);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
}

/**
 * Create the application.
 */
public memoDisplayUI() {
    initialize();
}

/**
 * Initialize the contents of the frame.
 */
private void initialize() {

    frame.getContentPane().setBackground(new Color(255, 255, 255));
    frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);
    frame.setBounds(100, 100, 270, 400);
    frame.setUndecorated(true); //REMOVES MENU BAR
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    JLabel lblMemos = new JLabel("MEMOS");
    lblMemos.setForeground(new Color(100, 149, 237));
    lblMemos.setFont(new Font("Moire", Font.BOLD, 30));
    lblMemos.setBounds(16, 16, 234, 37);
    panel.add(lblMemos);

    JButton button = new JButton("");
    button.setBackground(new Color(100, 149, 237));
    button.setBounds(7, 350, 40, 40);
    panel.add(button);
    button.setIcon(new ImageIcon("back.png"));

    JButton button_1 = new JButton("");
    button_1.setBackground(new Color(100, 149, 237));
    button_1.setBounds(113, 350, 40, 40);
    panel.add(button_1);
    button_1.setIcon(new ImageIcon("Edit.png"));

    JButton button_2 = new JButton("");
    button_2.setBackground(new Color(100, 149, 237));
    button_2.setBounds(220, 350, 40, 40);
    panel.add(button_2);
    button_2.setIcon(new ImageIcon("memo.png"));

    JButton btnExit = new JButton("");
    btnExit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
            System.exit(0);
        }
    });
    btnExit.setBorder(null);
    btnExit.setIcon(new ImageIcon("Exit.jpg"));
    btnExit.setBounds(216, 19, 40, 40);
    panel.add(btnExit);

    jTextBox = new JTextArea();
    scroll.setViewportView(jTextBox); // add scroll panel
    jTextBox.setTabSize(4);
    jTextBox.setLineWrap(true);
    jTextBox.setBackground(new Color(192, 192, 192));
    jTextBox.setBounds(8, 60, 255, 286);
    panel.add(jTextBox);

    frame.setContentPane(panel);
}
}

我想要的布局与此非常相似：

有人可以告知为什么会这样。

感谢您的帮助：）