Question

我使用xlwt在 excel 中创建表格。在 excel 中，有一个功能格式为表，这使得该表具有每列的自动过滤器。有没有办法使用python做到这一点？

Answer 1

好的，在搜索网络后，我意识到使用xlwt时无法做到这一点，但XlsxWriter可能会非常简单方便。< / p>

Answer 2

您也可以使用Pandas。这是一个示例：

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame({
    'city': ['New York', 'London', 'Prague'], 
    'population': [19.5, 7.4, 1.3], 
    'date_of_birth': ['1625', '43', 'early 8th century'],
    'status_of_magnetism': ['nice to visit', 'nice to visit', 'definetely MUST visit']
})

# initialize ExcelWriter and set df as output
writer = pd.ExcelWriter(r'D:\temp\sample.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter') 
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Cities', index=False)

# worksheet is instance of Excel sheet "Cities" - used for inserting the table
worksheet = writer.sheets['Cities']
# workbook is instance of whole book - used i.e. for cell format assignment 
workbook = writer.book

然后通过workbook.add_format定义单元格的格式（即旋转文本，设置垂直和水平对齐）

header_cell_format = workbook.add_format()
header_cell_format.set_rotation(90)
header_cell_format.set_align('center')
header_cell_format.set_align('vcenter')

然后...

# create list of dicts for header names 
#  (columns property accepts {'header': value} as header name)
col_names = [{'header': col_name} for col_name in df.columns]

# add table with coordinates: first row, first col, last row, last col; 
#  header names or formating can be inserted into dict 
worksheet.add_table(0, 0, df.shape[0], df.shape[1], {
    'columns': col_names,
    # 'style' = option Format as table value and is case sensitive 
    # (look at the exact name into Excel)
    'style': 'Table Style Medium 10'
})

或者可以使用worksheet.add_table('A1:D{}'.format(shape[0]), {...})，但是对于具有更多列或起始位置偏移的df，必须计算AA，AB，...组合（而不是“ D”）

最后，下面的循环重写标头并应用header_cell_format。我们已经在worksheet.add_table(...)中创建了它，因此它看起来很多余，但这是使用Excel的 AutoFit 选项的一种方法-如果没有此选项，所有标题单元格都将具有默认宽度（即单元格高度）（因为旋转了90度），所以不是整个文本都是可见的，或者不是必须应用set_shrink（）……然后文本将不可读:)。（在Office 365中测试）

# skip the loop completly if AutoFit for header is not needed
for i, col in enumerate(col_names):
    # apply header_cell_format to cell on [row:0, column:i] and write text value from col_names in
    worksheet.write(0, i, col['header'], header_cell_format)

# save writer object and created Excel file with data from DataFrame     
writer.save()

Answer 3

如果要将表格格式应用于使用XlsxWriter输出到excel的数据框，请使用https://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/example_pandas_table.html上的文档根据评论建议。

以下是我最初不太优雅的解决方案format_tbl：

import pandas as pd

def format_tbl(writer, sheet_name, df):
    outcols = df.columns
    if len(outcols) > 25:
        raise ValueError('table width out of range for current logic')
    tbl_hdr = [{'header':c} for c in outcols]
    bottom_num = len(df)+1
    right_letter = chr(65-1+len(outcols))
    tbl_corner = right_letter + str(bottom_num)

    worksheet = writer.sheets[sheet_name]
    worksheet.add_table('A1:' + tbl_corner,  {'columns':tbl_hdr})


df = pd.DataFrame({
    'city': ['New York', 'London', 'Prague'], 
    'population': [19.5, 7.4, 1.3], 
    'date_of_birth': ['1625', '43', 'early 8th century'],
    'status_of_magnetism': ['nice to visit', 'nice to visit', 'definetely MUST visit']
})

fn_out='blah.xlsx'
with pd.ExcelWriter(fn_out, mode='w', engine='xlsxwriter') as writer: 
    sheet_name='xxx'
    df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=sheet_name, index=False)
    format_tbl(writer, sheet_name, df)

如何在python中使用excel的'format as table'

3 个答案: