我正在python中编写一个程序,要求用户输入文件名,打开文件,计算M和F的数量,并将其作为比率计算。我可以做到这一点,并删除空格,但我无法弄清楚如何删除不是M或F的字符。我想删除所有不正确的字符并将它们写入新文件。这是我到目前为止所拥有的
fname = raw_input('Please enter the file name: ') #Requests input from user
try: #Makes sure the file input is valid
fhand = open(fname)
except:
print 'Error. Invalid file name entered.'
exit()
else:
fhand = open(fname, 'r') #opens the file for reading
entireFile = fhand.read()
fhand.close()
entireFile.split() #Removes whitespace
''.join(entireFile) #Rejoins the characters
entireFile = entireFile.upper() #Converts all characters to capitals letters
males = entireFile.count('M')
print males
females = entireFile.count('F')
print females
males = float(males)
females = float(females)
length = males + females
print length
length = float(length)
totalMales = (males / length) * 1
totalFemales = (females / length) * 1
print "There are %", totalMales, " males and %", totalFemales, " in the file."
答案 0 :(得分:2)
最简单的方法是使用正则表达式:
import re
data = re.findall(r'[FM]', entirefile)
如果您使用r'[FMfm]'
,则不需要大写所有文件,正则表达式将捕获所有大写和小写。
这将返回F's
和M's
所有内容,而无需删除white spaces
。
示例:
entirefile = "MLKMADG FKFLJKASDM LKMASDLKMADF MASDLDF"
data = ['M', 'M', 'F', 'F', 'M', 'M', 'M', 'F', 'M', 'F']
你可以用这个清单做任何你想做的事。
希望这会有所帮助。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
m,f,other = [],[],[]
for ch in entierFile:
if ch == "M":m.append(ch)
elif ch == "F":f.append(ch)
else: other.append(ch)
print len(m) + " Males, "+len(f)+" Females"
print "Other:",other
答案 2 :(得分:1)
使用正则表达式提取非M或F的所有字符:
import re
remainder = re.sub(r'M|F', '', entireFile)
with open('new_file', 'wb') as f:
f.write(remainder)