Question

寻找在android测试中模拟api响应的方法。

我已经阅读了robolectric可以用于此，但我真的很感激任何建议。

Answer 1

在网上浏览一下后，我发现MockWebServer就是我想要的。

用于测试HTTP客户端的可编写脚本的Web服务器。使用此库可以轻松测试应用程序在进行HTTP和HTTPS调用时是否正确。它允许您指定要返回的响应，然后验证请求是否按预期进行。

要进行设置，只需将以下内容添加到 build.gradle 文件中。

androidTestCompile 'com.google.mockwebserver:mockwebserver:20130706'

以下是一个从GitHub页面获取的简单示例。

public void test() throws Exception {
    // Create a MockWebServer. These are lean enough that you can create a new
    // instance for every unit test.
    MockWebServer server = new MockWebServer();

    // Schedule some responses.
    server.enqueue(new MockResponse().setBody("hello, world!"));

    // Start the server.
    server.play();

    // Ask the server for its URL. You'll need this to make HTTP requests.
    URL baseUrl = server.getUrl("/v1/chat/");

    // Exercise your application code, which should make those HTTP requests.
    // Responses are returned in the same order that they are enqueued.
    Chat chat = new Chat(baseUrl);

    chat.loadMore();
    assertEquals("hello, world!", chat.messages());

    // Shut down the server. Instances cannot be reused.
    server.shutdown();
  }

希望这有帮助。

Answer 2

使用AndroidTestCase，MockWebServer不适用于我。例如，ECONNREFUSED错误非常随机地发生（在https://github.com/square/okhttp/issues/1069中描述）。我没有尝试过Robolectric。

从OkHttp 2.2.0开始，我找到了另一种适用于我的方法：拦截器。我将整个模拟响应放在androidTest/assets/存储的json文件中，比如'mock_response.json'。当我实例化一个OkHttp进行测试时，我暴露了一个Interceptor，我会重写传入的响应。基本上，body（）会在'mock_response.json'中传输数据。

public class FooApiTest extends AndroidTestCase {
    public void testFetchData() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        // mock_response.json is placed on 'androidTest/assets/'
        final InputStream stream = getContext().getAssets().open("mock_response.json");

        OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        httpClient.interceptors().add(new Interceptor() {
            @Override
            public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
                return new Response.Builder()
                        .protocol(Protocol.HTTP_2)
                        // This is essential as it makes response.isSuccessful() returning true.
                        .code(200)
                        .request(chain.request())
                        .body(new ResponseBody() {
                            @Override
                            public MediaType contentType() {
                                return null;
                            }

                            @Override
                            public long contentLength() {
                                // Means we don't know the length beforehand.
                                return -1;
                            }

                            @Override
                            public BufferedSource source() {
                                try {
                                    return new Buffer().readFrom(stream);
                                } catch (IOException e) {
                                    e.printStackTrace();
                                    return null;
                                }
                            }
                        })
                        .build();
            }
        });

        FooApi api = new FooApi(httpClient);
        api.fetchData();

        // TODO: Let's assert the data here.
    }
}

Answer 3

现在Mockinizer变得更容易，这使得使用MockWebServer更加容易：

val mocks: Map<RequestFilter, MockResponse> = mapOf(

    RequestFilter("/mocked") to MockResponse().apply {
        setResponseCode(200)
        setBody("""{"title": "Banana Mock"}""")
    },

    RequestFilter("/mockedError") to MockResponse().apply {
        setResponseCode(400)
    }

)

只需创建一个RequestFilter和MockResponses的映射，然后将其插入到OkHttpClient构建器链中即可：

OkHttpClient.Builder()
            .addInterceptor(loggingInterceptor)
            .mockinize(mocks) // <-- just plug in your custom mocks here
            .build()

在Android测试中模拟Api响应

3 个答案: