Question

我是django rest框架的新手，并创建了一个示例Employee模型。

我的 models.py ：

class Employees(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

我的 serializers.py ：

class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Employees
        fields = ('first_name','last_name')

这样可行但我想要一个额外的字段full_name，它将是first_name + last_name。

如何在full_name？

中定义此新字段serializers.py

Answer 1

我在这里看到两种方式（我更喜欢第一种方式，因为你可以在应用程序的其他部分重复使用它）：

将计算属性添加到模型中并将其添加到序列化程序 使用a readonly field with source=

# models.py
class Employees(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    @property
    def full_name(self):
        return self.first_name + self.last_name

#serializes.py
class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    full_name = serializers.Field(source='full_name')

    class Meta:
        model = Employees
        fields = ('first_name','last_name', 'full_name')

使用SerializerMethodField （你的模型不变）

class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    full_name = serializers.SerializerMethodField('get_full_name')

    def get_full_name(self, obj):
        return obj.first_name + obj.last_name

    class Meta:
        model = Employees
        fields = ('first_name','last_name', 'full_name')

Answer 2

如果Employee是登录用户，那么我们大多数人都会使用django.auth.User，我将分享Employee如何作为另一个Profile实施的扩展django用户）。还添加了full_name.read_only，first_name.write_only和last_name.write_only

# models.py
class Employee(models.Model):
    """User Profile Model"""
    user = models.OneToOneField('auth.User')

# serializers.py
class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    username = serializers.CharField(source='user.username')
    email = serializers.EmailField(source='user.email')

    first_name = serializers.CharField(
            source='user.first_name', write_only=True)
    last_name = serializers.CharField(
            source='user.last_name', write_only=True)
    name = serializers.CharField(
            source='user.get_full_name', read_only=True)


    class Meta:
        model = Employee
        fields = (
            'url', 'username', 'email',
            'first_name', 'last_name', 'name')
        depth = 1

Answer 3

SerializerMethodField工作正常，我们也可以将数据存储在序列化程序对象中，让方法get_field_name使用它。

示例：

class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    statistic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def __init__(self, instance=None, data=serializers.empty, statistic=None, **kwargs):
        super(MySerializer, self).__init__(instance=instance, data=data, **kwargs)
        self.statistic = statistic

    def get_statistic(self, obj):
        if self.statistic is None:
            return serializers.empty
        return self.statistic.get(obj.id, {})

序列化django休息框架时的附加字段

3 个答案: