从插入内的单行插入多行以进行选择查询

时间:2014-03-26 15:05:30

标签: sql sql-server select insert bulkinsert

我有(更复杂的版本)以下架构:

CREATE TABLE Messages (
    ItemId INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
    Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    DeliveryType INT NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE NotificationsQueue (
    ItemId INT NOT NULL,
    DeliveryType INT NOT NULL
);

DeliveryType的可能值为:

0 -> none
1 -> mail
2 -> email
3 -> both

现在,在Messages表中有一些条目:

INSERT INTO Messages(Name, DeliveryType) Values
('Test0', 0),
('Test1', 1),
('Test2', 2),
('Test3', 3)

我需要填充NotificationsQueue表,如下所示:

  • 当DeliveryType = 0时,不要插入任何内容
  • 当DeliveryType = 1或DeliveryType = 2时,插入一个元组:(ItemId,DeliveryType)
  • 当DeliveryType = 3时,插入两个元组:(ItemId,1),(ItemId,2)

我尝试这样做导致了这两个问题:

INSERT INTO NotificationsQueue (ItemId, DeliveryType) SELECT ItemId, 1 AS DeliveryType FROM Messages WHERE DeliveryType IN (1, 3)
INSERT INTO NotificationsQueue (ItemId, DeliveryType) SELECT ItemId, 2 AS DeliveryType FROM Messages WHERE DeliveryType IN (2, 3)

即使这样可行,插入的select语句在实践中要复杂得多,所以我想知道是否有任何好方法可以在单个查询中合并它们,以避免重复。

PS:我不允许更改架构或在Messages表中添加重复项。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

如果您可以使用触发器,则可以执行此操作

CREATE TRIGGER dbo.Messages_Inserted ON dbo.[Messages]
    FOR INSERT
AS
    INSERT INTO dbo.[NotificationsQueue]
            ( ItemId
            ,DeliveryType
            )
            SELECT ItemId
                   ,1
                FROM INSERTED
                WHERE DeliveryType IN ( 1, 3 )
            UNION ALL
            SELECT ItemId
                   ,2
                FROM INSERTED
                WHERE DeliveryType IN ( 2, 3 )
GO

INSERT INTO dbo.[Messages](Name, DeliveryType) Values
('Test0', 0),
('Test1', 1),
('Test2', 2),
('Test3', 3)

SELECT * FROM dbo.[Messages]
SELECT * FROM dbo.NotificationsQueue

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果您只想要一个选择中的所有内容,我会创建一个查找表来翻译类型,就像这样

;WITH cte AS (SELECT * FROM (VALUES (1,1),(2,2),(3,1),(3,2)) a(DeliveryType,type)) 
SELECT ItemId, t.type AS DeliveryType 
FROM Messages m
INNER JOIN    cte t
    ON t.DeliveryType = m.DeliveryType 

答案 2 :(得分:0)

也许是这样的:

INSERT INTO NotificationsQueue (ItemId, DeliveryType) 
select itemid, case when deliverytype = 3 then n else deliverytype end
from messages
inner join (values(1), (2)) x(n) on n <= case when deliverytype=1 then 2 else deliverytype end -1