受测试代码:
module lib {
export class Topic {
private _callbacks: JQueryCallback;
public id: string;
public publish: any;
public subscribe: any;
public unsubscribe: any;
public test: any;
constructor(id: string) {
this.id = id;
this._callbacks = jQuery.Callbacks();
this.publish = this._callbacks.fire;
this.subscribe = this._callbacks.add;
this.unsubscribe = this._callbacks.remove;
}
}
export class Bus {
private static _topics: Object = {};
static topic(id: string): Topic {
var topic = id && this._topics[id];
if (!topic) {
topic = new Topic(id);
if (id) {
this._topics[id] = topic;
}
}
return topic;
}
}
}
规范测试对象:
module lib {
class Person {
private _dfd: JQueryDeferred<Topic>;
private _topic: Topic;
constructor(public firstName: string) {
this._dfd = jQuery.Deferred();
this._topic = Bus.topic("user:logon");
this._dfd.done(this._topic.publish);
}
logon() {
this._dfd.resolve(this);
}
}
class ApiService {
constructor() {
Bus.topic("user:logon").subscribe(this.callLogonApi);
}
callLogonApi(person: Person) {
console.log("Person.firstname: " + person.firstName);
}
}
describe("Bus", () => {
var person: Person;
var apiService: ApiService;
beforeEach(() => {
person = new Person("Michael");
apiService = new ApiService();
spyOn(apiService, "callLogonApi");
//or this fails as well
//spyOn(apiService, "callLogonApi").and.callThrough();
person.logon();
});
it("should create subscription and catch the published event", () => {
expect(apiService.callLogonApi).toHaveBeenCalled();
//this fails too
//expect(apiService.callLogonApi).toHaveBeenCalledWith(person);
});
});
}
调用callLogonApi函数并按预期写入控制台,但输出为:
Expected spy callLogonApi to have been called.
Error: Expected spy callLogonApi to have been called.
* 现在正在将ApiService的构造函数更改为:
constructor() {
Bus.topic("user:logon").subscribe((data)=> { this.callLogonApi(data); });
}
* 而且spyOn需要
spyOn(apiService, "callLogonApi").and.callThrough();
感谢Ryan的出色答案!
答案 0 :(得分:6)
这是一个较小的版本。
首先,这是spyOn
方法的简单版本:
function spyOn(obj: any, methodName: string) {
var prev = obj[methodName];
obj[methodName] = function() {
console.log(methodName + ' got called');
prev();
}
}
现在让我们用一个简单的类来试试这个:
/** OK **/
class Thing1 {
sayHello() {
console.log('Hello, world');
}
}
var x = new Thing1();
spyOn(x, 'sayHello');
x.sayHello(); // 'sayHello got called'
这可以按预期工作。转到延迟版本,这是您的代码正在执行的操作:
/** Not OK **/
class Thing2 {
private helloMethod;
constructor() {
this.helloMethod = this.sayHello;
}
deferredHello() {
window.setTimeout(this.helloMethod, 10);
}
sayHello() {
console.log('Hello, world');
}
}
var y = new Thing2();
spyOn(y, 'sayHello');
y.deferredHello(); // Why no spy?
最后,修复版本。我将在短期内解释原因:
/** OK now **/
class Thing3 {
private helloMethod;
constructor() {
this.helloMethod = () => { this.sayHello(); }
}
deferredHello() {
window.setTimeout(this.helloMethod, 10);
}
sayHello() {
console.log('Hello, world');
}
}
var z = new Thing3();
spyOn(z, 'sayHello');
z.deferredHello(); // Spy works!
这笔交易是什么?
请注意,spyOn
函数接受一个对象,包装该方法,然后在对象本身上设置一个替换spied函数实例的属性。这非常重要,因为它会在最终发生方法名称的属性查找的地方发生变化。
在正常情况下(Thing1
),我们会在spyOn
上覆盖一个属性(使用x
),然后在x
上调用相同的方法。一切正常,因为我们正在调用spyOn
包裹的完全相同的功能。
在延迟的情况下(Thing2
),y.sayHello
会在整个代码中改变含义。当我们第一次在构造函数中抓取它时,我们从类的原型中获取sayHello
方法。当我们spyOn
y.sayHello
时,包装函数是一个新对象,但我们之前执行的引用仍然指向原型中sayHello
的实现。
在固定的情况下(Thing3
),我们使用一个函数来更懒惰地获取sayHello
的值,所以当z.sayHello
发生变化时(因为我们发现它),{{ 1}}调用&#34;看到&#34;现在在实例对象上而不是类原型的新方法对象。