Question

我在理解模拟如何工作以及如何使用模拟对象编写单元测试时遇到问题。我想模拟一个外部api调用，这样我就可以为这些使用这些调用的函数和函数编写单元测试。

我首先尝试模拟check_sms_request，然后我需要用它做一些事情来覆盖对象的check_delivery_status。

如何为这种情况编写测试？

模拟

的功能

def check_sms_request(remote_id, phone):
    if not can_sms(phone):
        return None

    client = Client(settings.SMS_API_URL)

    base_kwargs = {
        'phone': phone,
        'remoteId': remote_id,
    }
    request = client.service.CheckSmsRequest(settings.SMS_API_LOGIN, settings.SMS_API_PASSWORD, base_kwargs)

    return request

class SMS(models.Model):
    sms_response = models.IntegerField(choices=SMS_SEND_STATUS, null=True, blank=True)
    delivery_status = models.IntegerField(choices=DELIVERY_STATUS_CHOICES, null=True, blank=True)
    has_final_status = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    def check_delivery_status(self):
        if not self.has_final_status:
            response_status = check_sms_request(self.id, self.phone)
            if response_status is not None:
                self.history.create(fbs_status=self.sms_response, delivery_status=response_status.response)
            if response_status is not None and response_status.response in FINAL_STATUSES:
                self.has_final_status = True
            if response_status is not None:
                self.delivery_status = response_status.response
            self.save()
        return self.delivery_status

我的测试：

@override_settings(SMS_WHITELIST=['', ], SMS_ENABLE=True)
def test_soap_check_sms_request(self):
    check_sms_request = Mock(return_value=True)
    check_sms_request.response = SMS_SENT_AND_RECIEVED
    self.assertEqual(check_sms_request.response, SMS_SENT_AND_RECIEVED)

    obj = SMS.objects.create(**{
        'phone': self.user.phone,
        'text': u"Hello",
        'user': self.user,
        'site': self.site2,
    })
    obj.check_sms_status()

Answer 1

您可以对测试功能进行猴子修补，如下所示：

@override_settings(SMS_WHITELIST=['', ], SMS_ENABLE=True)
def test_soap_check_sms_request(self):
    check_sms_request = Mock(return_value=True)
    check_sms_request.response = SMS_SENT_AND_RECIEVED
    self.assertEqual(check_sms_request.response, SMS_SENT_AND_RECIEVED)

    obj = SMS.objects.create(**{
        'phone': self.user.phone,
        'text': u"Hello",
        'user': self.user,
        'site': self.site2,
    })

    import model
    old_fn = model.check_sms_request
    model.check_sms_request = check_sms_request
    obj.check_sms_status()
    model.check_sms_request = old_fn

Answer 2

首先测试check_sms_request
1. 模拟客户端
2. 使用return_value
3. call check_sms_request
4. 检查客户端和CheckSmsRequest是否使用右args
check_sms_request应该是类的方法，在SMS模型中移动它或者只是添加方法并从这个方法中调用函数
在测试check_delivery_status

型号：

class SMS(models.Model):
    sms_response = models.IntegerField(choices=SMS_SEND_STATUS, null=True, blank=True)
    delivery_status = models.IntegerField(choices=DELIVERY_STATUS_CHOICES, null=True, blank=True)
    has_final_status = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    def check_sms_request(remote_id, phone):
        if not can_sms(phone):
            return None

        client = Client(settings.SMS_API_URL)

        base_kwargs = {
            'phone': phone,
            'remoteId': remote_id,
        }
        request = client.service.CheckSmsRequest(settings.SMS_API_LOGIN, settings.SMS_API_PASSWORD, base_kwargs)

        return request

    def check_delivery_status(self):
        if not self.has_final_status:
            response_status = self.check_sms_request(self.id, self.phone)
            if response_status is not None:
                self.history.create(fbs_status=self.sms_response, delivery_status=response_status.response)
            if response_status is not None and response_status.response in FINAL_STATUSES:
                self.has_final_status = True
            if response_status is not None:
                self.delivery_status = response_status.response
            self.save()
        return self.delivery_status

测试：

class SMSModelTestCase(TestCase):

    @patch('...Client')
    def test_check_sms_request(self, ClientMock):
        client_object = ClientMock.return_value
        CheckSmsRequestMock = client_object.service.return_value.CheckSmsRequest
        sms_model = SMS() # don't save
        with self.settings(SMS_API_URL='http://example.com', SMS_API_LOGIN='kanata', SMS_API_PASSWORD='izumi'):
            sms_model.check_sms_request(101, '+11111111')
        ClientMock.assert_called_once_with('http://example.com')
        CheckSmsRequestMock.assert_called_once_with('kanata', 'izumi', '+11111111', 101)

    @patch('myproject.myapp.models.SMS.check_sms_request')
    def test_check_delivery_status(self, CheckSmsRequestMock):
        CheckSmsRequestMock.return_value = ...
        sms_model = SMS()
        ...
        sms_model.check_delivery_status(...)

Django写模拟测试

2 个答案: