matplotlib无法正确显示乳胶字体

Question

我在matplotlib中使用乳胶字体时遇到问题，到目前为止它们没有出现在交互式窗口中。任何帮助将不胜感激:)）

我相信这个问题在我的系统上并不存在，也许上个月软件更新搞砸了..

默认的Latex字体没有问题。

乌托邦/傅立叶被破坏了，例如下面的例子（我在输出中用波形符替换了我的主目录，其他一切就像我得到的那样）：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams.update({
    'text.usetex': True,
    'text.latex.preamble': [
        r"\usepackage{fourier}",
    ]
})
plt.plot([1,2],[3,4])
plt.xlabel('$x$')
plt.savefig('test.pdf')

以pdf格式给出预期输出，但交互式窗口没有文本：

我得到了很多或警告（我假设每个文本项或每个字形一个？）：

Python 2.7.5+（默认，2014年2月27日，19：39：55） linux2上的[GCC 4.8.1] 输入“帮助”，“版权”，“信用”或“许可”以获取更多信息。

Imported NumPy 1.7.1, SciPy 0.12.0, Matplotlib 1.2.1
Type "scientific" for more details.
>>> runfile(r'~/Desktop/Untitled Python Script.py', wdir=r'~/Desktop')
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 futr8t
mktexpk: don't know how to create bitmap font for futr8t.
mktexpk: perhaps futr8t is missing from the map file.
kpathsea: Appending font creation commands to missfont.log.
dvipng warning: font futr8t at 384 dpi not found, characters will be left blank dvipng warning: unable to draw glyph 49, skipping 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 futmii
mktexpk: don't know how to create bitmap font for futmii.
mktexpk: perhaps futmii is missing from the map file.
dvipng warning: font futmii at 384 dpi not found, characters will be left blank dvipng warning: unable to draw glyph 58, skipping 

我的系统上找不到dvipng找不到的文件：

$ locate ps2pk.map
~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/ps2pk.map
~/.texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/ps2pk.map
/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/ps2pk.map
/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/ps2pk.map
$ locate psfonts.map
~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map
~/.texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map
/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map
/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map

使用Concrete和Euler的另一个尝试是错误而不是警告：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams.update({
    'text.usetex': True,
    'text.latex.preamble': [
        r"\usepackage{ccfonts,eulervm}",
        r"\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}",
    ]
})
plt.plot([1,2],[3,4])
plt.xlabel('$x$')
plt.savefig('test.pdf')

这给出了以下输出：

Python 2.7.5+ (default, Feb 27 2014, 19:39:55) 
[GCC 4.8.1] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

Imported NumPy 1.7.1, SciPy 0.12.0, Matplotlib 1.2.1
Type "scientific" for more details.
>>> runfile(r'~/Desktop/Untitled Python Script.py', wdir=r'~/Desktop')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/spyderlib/widgets/externalshell/sitecustomize.py", line 538, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)
  File "~/Desktop/Untitled Python Script.py", line 17, in <module>
    plt.savefig('test.pdf')
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 472, in savefig
    return fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1370, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt4agg.py", line 161, in print_figure
    FigureCanvasAgg.print_figure(self, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 2096, in print_figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 1848, in print_pdf
    return pdf.print_pdf(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 2307, in print_pdf
    file.close()
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 507, in close
    self.writeFonts()
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 604, in writeFonts
    realpath, stat_key = get_realpath_and_stat(filename)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/cbook.py", line 796, in __call__
    stat = os.stat(realpath)
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '~/Desktop/ccr10'
>>> dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 ccr10
mktexpk: Running mf-nowin -progname=mf \mode:=cx; mag:=1+84/300; nonstopmode; input ccr10
This is METAFONT, Version 2.718281 (TeX Live 2013)

(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/concrete/ccr10.mf
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/cmbase.mf)
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/roman.mf
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romanu.mf [65]
[66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80]
[81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romanl.mf [97]
[98] [99] [100] [101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110]
[111] [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] [117] [118] [119] [120] [121] [122])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/greeku.mf [0]
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romand.mf [48]
[49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romanp.mf [36]
[38] [63] [62])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romspl.mf [16]
[17] [25] [26] [27] [28])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romspu.mf [29]
[30] [31]) (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/punct.mf
[33] [60] [35] [37] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [46] [47] [58] [59] [61]
[64] [91] [93] [96])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/accent.mf [18]
[19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [32] [94] [95] [125] [126] [127])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/romlig.mf [11]
[12] [13] [14] [15])
(/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/comlig.mf [34]
[45] [92] [123] [124]) ) )
Font metrics written on ccr10.tfm.
Output written on ccr10.384gf (128 characters, 15368 bytes).
Transcript written on ccr10.log.
mktexpk: ~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/pk/cx/public/concrete/ccr10.384pk: successfully generated.
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 ccr10
mktexpk: ~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/pk/cx/public/concrete/ccr10.384pk already exists.
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 ccr10
mktexpk: ~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/pk/cx/public/concrete/ccr10.384pk already exists.
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 ccr10
mktexpk: ~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/pk/cx/public/concrete/ccr10.384pk already exists.
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode cx --bdpi 300 --mag 1+84/300 --dpi 384 ccr10
mktexpk: ~/.texlive2013/texmf-var/fonts/pk/cx/public/concrete/ccr10.384pk already exists.
dvipng warning: cannot find ps2pk.map, nor psfonts.map 

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