Ctypes:解析参数和返回结果

时间:2014-03-23 10:15:30

标签: python c ctypes

我第一次在Python中使用ctypes进行实验。我写了一个C文件,其中包含进行计算的方法,以便旋转点(和曲线)。我的代码是:

#include "math.h"
double * rotatePoint(double P[2], double angle) {
static double Q[2];
Q[0] = P[0] * cos(angle * M_PI/180);
Q[1] = P[1] * sin(angle * M_PI/180);
return Q;
}

我用GCC编译了它

gcc -lm -shared lib.c -o lib.so

在我的Python代码中:

import ctypes
lib = ctypes.CDLL('lib.so')

def cRotatePoint(P):
   #how I parse P in order to be understood by ctypes?
   #.....
   lib.rotatePoint(P) 
   #how can I return the array back?
   #....
   return P

你能帮我解决这些问题:

  1. 使用ctypes

  2. 从Python解析double []
  3. 在Python中将结果转换为double []并将其返回

  4. 由于

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

所以诀窍在于确保ctypes知道你的函数的参数类型是什么。

事情的C方面很好,但在Python方面,你需要为你的函数指定restypeargtypes

import ctypes
lib = ctypes.CDLL('lib.so')

# let ctypes know the argument types 
lib.rotatePoint.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_double),ctypes.c_double]

# let ctypes know the return type
lib.rotatePoint.restype = ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_double)

def c_rotate_point(p,angle):

    # convert arguments to appropriate ctypes type
    p = (ctypes.c_double*2)(*p)
    angle = ctypes.c_double(angle)

    # call the function
    retval = lib.rotatePoint(p,angle)

    # here, retval has type LP_c_double object
    # indexing this will dereference the underlying pointer giving the results
    print retval[0],retval[1]


if __name__ == "__main__":
    c_rotate_point((0.2,0.3),0.4)

对于这些值,我得到输出:

0.199995126141 0.00209437808939

答案 1 :(得分:1)

@ebarr provided a complete code example。这是一个小小的变化。

要允许从多个线程调用该函数,请不要使用static变量:

#include "math.h"
void rotatePoint(double P[2], double angle, double Q[2]) {
  Q[0] = P[0] * cos(angle * M_PI/180);
  Q[1] = P[1] * sin(angle * M_PI/180);
}

您可以将double P[2]作为数组类型c_double * 2传递:

import ctypes
from collections import namedtuple

ArrayType = ctypes.c_double * 2
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')

lib = ctypes.CDLL('lib.so')    
lib.rotatePoint.argtypes = [ArrayType, ctypes.c_double, ArrayType]
lib.rotatePoint.restype = None # void

def rotate_point(p, angle):
    retval = ArrayType()
    lib.rotatePoint(ArrayType(*p), angle, retval)
    return Point(*retval)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(rotate_point((0.2,0.3), 0.4))

请注意,您不需要明确地转换angle(标量类型)。