我正在研究中断。我必须了解如何使用8259 PIC。任何人都可以指导我如何用C编写程序。 (我已经在8051上工作了)我想它可以用作8051。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这只是本节其余部分共同的一组定义。对于outb(),inb()和io_wait()函数,see this page.
#define PIC1 0x20 /* IO base address for master PIC */
#define PIC2 0xA0 /* IO base address for slave PIC */
#define PIC1_COMMAND PIC1
#define PIC1_DATA (PIC1+1)
#define PIC2_COMMAND PIC2
#define PIC2_DATA (PIC2+1)
向PIC芯片发出的最常见命令可能是中断结束(EOI)命令(代码0x20)。这是在基于IRQ的中断例程结束时发给PIC芯片的。如果IRQ来自主PIC,则仅向主PIC发出此命令就足够了;但是,如果IRQ来自Slave PIC,则必须向两个PIC芯片发出命令。
#define PIC_EOI 0x20 /* End-of-interrupt command code */
void PIC_sendEOI(unsigned char irq)
{
if(irq >= 8)
outb(PIC2_COMMAND,PIC_EOI);
outb(PIC1_COMMAND,PIC_EOI);
}
当你进入保护模式时(或者甚至在手之前,如果你没有使用GRUB),你需要给出两个PIC的第一个命令是初始化命令(代码0x11)。该命令使PIC等待数据端口上3个额外的“初始化字”。这些字节给出了PIC:
#define ICW1_ICW4 0x01 /* ICW4 (not) needed */ #define ICW1_SINGLE 0x02 /* Single (cascade) mode */ #define ICW1_INTERVAL4 0x04 /* Call address interval 4 (8) */ #define ICW1_LEVEL 0x08 /* Level triggered (edge) mode */ #define ICW1_INIT 0x10 /* Initialization - required! */ #define ICW4_8086 0x01 /* 8086/88 (MCS-80/85) mode */ #define ICW4_AUTO 0x02 /* Auto (normal) EOI */ #define ICW4_BUF_SLAVE 0x08 /* Buffered mode/slave */ #define ICW4_BUF_MASTER 0x0C /* Buffered mode/master */ #define ICW4_SFNM 0x10 /* Special fully nested (not) */
void PIC_remap(int offset1, int offset2)
{
unsigned char a1, a2;
a1 = inb(PIC1_DATA); // save masks
a2 = inb(PIC2_DATA);
outb(PIC1_COMMAND, ICW1_INIT+ICW1_ICW4); // starts the initialization sequence (in cascade mode)
io_wait();
outb(PIC2_COMMAND, ICW1_INIT+ICW1_ICW4);
io_wait();
outb(PIC1_DATA, offset1); // ICW2: Master PIC vector offset
io_wait();
outb(PIC2_DATA, offset2); // ICW2: Slave PIC vector offset
io_wait();
outb(PIC1_DATA, 4); // ICW3: tell Master PIC that there is a slave PIC at IRQ2 (0000 0100)
io_wait();
outb(PIC2_DATA, 2); // ICW3: tell Slave PIC its cascade identity (0000 0010)
io_wait();
outb(PIC1_DATA, ICW4_8086);
io_wait();
outb(PIC2_DATA, ICW4_8086);
io_wait();
outb(PIC1_DATA, a1); // restore saved masks.
outb(PIC2_DATA, a2);
}
用于屏蔽
void IRQ_set_mask(unsigned char IRQline) {
uint16_t port;
uint8_t value;
if(IRQline < 8) {
port = PIC1_DATA;
} else {
port = PIC2_DATA;
IRQline -= 8;
}
value = inb(port) | (1 << IRQline);
outb(port, value);
}
void IRQ_clear_mask(unsigned char IRQline) {
uint16_t port;
uint8_t value;
if(IRQline < 8) {
port = PIC1_DATA;
} else {
port = PIC2_DATA;
IRQline -= 8;
}
value = inb(port) & ~(1 << IRQline);
outb(port, value);
}