我正在尝试编写一个简单的生产者和消费者程序(两个不相关的进程)。 ,共享内存&信号灯。我用信号量空&完全作为条件变量,我将数据存储到生产者的共享内存段中。并且,我尝试将数据存储到消费者的本地变量中,但这会导致seg错误。这很奇怪,我无法弄清楚发生了什么。这是代码。
制片人和制片人的共同部分消费者(信号量和共享记忆创造):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
struct a
{
int a;
int b;
}a_s;
void wait(int semid)
{
int err,nsops=1;
struct sembuf *sops = (struct sembuf *) malloc(sizeof(struct sembuf));
sops[0].sem_num = 0;
sops[0].sem_op = -1;
sops[0].sem_flg = 0;
err=semop(semid, sops, nsops);
if(err < 0)
printf(" unable to do the sop \n");
}
void signal(int semid)
{
int err,nsops=1;
struct sembuf *sops = (struct sembuf *) malloc(sizeof(struct sembuf));
sops[0].sem_num = 0;
sops[0].sem_op = 1;
sops[0].sem_flg = 0;
err=semop(semid, sops, nsops);
if(err < 0)
printf(" unable to do the sop \n");
}
int main()
{
int i, err;
int full,empty;
key_t full_key = 1234, empty_key = 5678;
int sem_flg = IPC_CREAT | 0666;
int nsems = 1;
int nsops = 2;
int shmid;
void *string;
void *s;
int shm_key = 9999;
struct a *a_str;
/*****************************************/
empty = semget(empty_key, nsems, sem_flg);
if(empty < 0)
printf(" failed to initialize the semaphore \n");
semctl(empty, 0, SETVAL, 1) ;
/****************************************/
full = semget(full_key, nsems, sem_flg);
if(full < 0)
printf(" failed to initialize the semaphore \n");
semctl(full, 0, SETVAL, 0) ;
/*****************************************/
shmid = shmget(shm_key, 30, IPC_CREAT|0666);
if(shmid < 0)
printf(" unable to create shmem \n");
else
printf(" created shm \n");
string = shmat( shmid, NULL, 0);
if( string == (void * ) (-1))
printf(" unable to attach the string \n");
else
printf(" success with shmat \n");
s = string;
/******************************************/
制片人:输入数据
while(1)
{
wait(empty);
sleep(1);
memcpy( string, (void *) a_str, sizeof(struct a));
printf(" wrote the string \n");
signal(full);
}
消费者:复制数据并显示
while(1)
{
wait(full);
printf(" after full \n");
memcpy((void *)a_str, (void *)s, sizeof(struct a));
printf(" copied the memory from string \n");
printf(" a %d b %d \n",((struct a *)a_str)->a, ((struct a *)a_str)->b);
sleep(1);
memcpy(s, string, 7);
signal(empty);
}
return 0;
}
任何人都可以让我知道它为什么会发生错误?我只是从一个内存段复制地址。什么可能出错?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
有人可以让我知道为什么会发生错误吗?
您没有初始化a_str
,这可以通过
a_str = malloc(sizeof(*a_str));
典型的using -ininitialized-pointer,a.k.a。野指针,问题。
顺便说一句,POSIX IPC API优于System V IPC API。参见
mq_overview (7)
- POSIX消息队列概述sem_overview (7)
- POSIX信号量概述shm_overview (7)
- POSIX共享内存概述