Question

我有一个字典和一个字符串，还有一个我希望返回“y”的函数，但现在可以返回“y”或“z”：

import re

def find_my_keyword():
   dict_colour = {
        "x": ["back", "blue", "green"],
        "y": ["yellow", "white", "green"],
        "z": ["yellow", "white"]
        }
   str1 = "I have yellow, green and white"

   for colour, keywords in dict_colour.items():
        if all(re.search(kw, str1) for kw in keywords):
            return colour

有没有办法在我的z列表中添加新数组，而不是绿色：

"z": ["yellow", "white", =! "green"] ?

或者是任何库在python中完成这个功能吗？

Answer 1

不，你不能改变python语法。但是可以得到理想的结果。只需采用惯例，例如not在关键字的开头由~表示。然后你可以这样做：

def find_my_keyword():
   dict_colour = {
       'x': ['black', 'blue', 'green'],
       ...
       'z': ['yellow', 'white', '~green']
   }

   str1 = 'I have yellow, green, white'
   for key in dict_colour:
       if all(colour not in str1 if colour.startswith('~') else colour in str1 for colour in dict_colour[key]):
           return key

Answer 2

没有。我建议这样的事情：

...
"y": {'has':["yellow", "white", "green"], 'hasnt':[]}
"z": {'has':["yellow", "white"], 'hasnt': ["green"]}
...

for colour, keywords in dict_colour.items():
    if all(kw in str1 for kw in keywords['has']) and not any(kw in str1 for kw in keywords['hasnt']):
        return colour

Answer 3

有一些方法可以创建不应包含特定单词的正则表达式模式。 This answer可能是您正在寻找的。尝试用

替换dict_colour

dict_colour = {
    "x": ["back", "blue", "/^((?!green).)*$/"],
    "y": ["yellow", "white", "/^((?!green).)*$/"],
    "z": ["yellow", "white"]
    }

是否存在任何一种倒置？在python中

3 个答案: