基于Spring的应用程序由于配置错误而未加载

Question

我正在开发一个基于教程代码的spring应用程序，目的是使用数据库来学习spring-security。在我用Tomcat7从Eclipse运行它时，我的应用程序正在显示错误404。在浏览器中显示404错误页面时，在Eclipse的控制台中会观察到以下消息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.filterChains': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain#0' while setting bean property 'sourceList' with key [0]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter#0' while setting constructor argument with key [3]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager#0' while setting bean property 'authenticationManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.config.authentication.AuthenticationManagerFactoryBean#0' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.config.authentication.AuthenticationManagerFactoryBean#0': FactoryBean threw exception on object creation; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.authenticationManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider#0' while setting constructor argument with key [0]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager#0' while setting bean property 'userDetailsService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dataSource' while setting bean property 'dataSource'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'dataSource' is defined

我的配置文件如下：

的web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <display-name>sdnext</display-name>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sdnext</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sdnext</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/sdnext-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/sdnext-security.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>index</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

sdnext-servlet.xml中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resources/database.properties" />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dineshonjava.security" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="hibernateTransactionManager"/>

    <bean id="jspViewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}" />
        <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${database.user}" />
        <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
    </bean>

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
   <props>
    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
 </bean>

</beans>

sdnext-security.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">

   <security:http auto-config="true" >
        <security:intercept-url pattern="/index" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <security:intercept-url pattern="/login" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY"/>
        <security:form-login login-page="/login" default-target-url="/index" authentication-failure-url="/fail2login" />
        <security:logout logout-success-url="/logout" />
    </security:http>

    <security:authentication-manager>
      <security:authentication-provider>
        <security:jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"  
            users-by-username-query="select username, password, active from users where username=?" 
            authorities-by-username-query="select us.username, ur.authority from users us, user_roles ur 
              where us.user_id = ur.user_id and us.username =?  " 
        />
      </security:authentication-provider>
    </security:authentication-manager>

</beans>

database.properties

database.driver=org.postgresql.Driver
database.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/DAVDB?charSet=LATIN1
database.user=***
database.password=***
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

我的JARS包含在这个项目中：

**aopalliance-1.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-1.2.1.jar
javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api-1.2.1.jar
postgresql-9.3-1100.jdbc3.jar
spring-aop-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-security-config-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-security-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-security-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar**

有人可以识别此文件中的任何错误吗？我和他们在一起度过了很多时间，但仍然可以找出错误的原因。

Answer 1

您的contextConfigLocation中不能有两个名为web.xml的上下文参数。要声明多个上下文配置文件，必须用空格分隔它们。

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
        /WEB-INF/sdnext-servlet.xml
        /WEB-INF/sdnext-security.xml
    </param-value>
</context-param>

Answer 2

如果你看一下堆栈跟踪的最后一行，它会说： -

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name
'org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager#0': Cannot resolve 
reference to bean 'dataSource' while setting bean property 'dataSource'; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'dataSource' is defined

好像你在错误的文件中定义了那个bean。

所以，首先将dataSource bean从sdnext-servlet.xml移到sdnext-security.xml。

在您的web.xml中，您已经具有以下配置： -

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>sdnext</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

由于DispatcherServlet的servlet-name为sdnext，默认情况下，Spring MVC会自动在sdnext-servlet.xml文件夹下查找/WEB-INF。也就是说，你可以安全地从web.xml中删除下面的配置，因为1）Spring MVC已经自己找到了配置文件，2）contextConfigLocation仅由Spring使用，而不是Spring MVC，所以没有任何意义这里与servlet相关的配置： -

<!-- Delete this! -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/sdnext-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

因此，您的web.xml应该只有一个contextConfigLocation指向您已经拥有的/WEB-INF/sdnext-security.xml。