Question

我正在尝试编写一个非常简单的程序，为所购买的商品生成发票。我有一个带有我的setter和getter的驱动程序类，以及我应该调用它们的对象类。但是，当我打印出发票时，它只会对所有内容产生空响应。

这是我的驱动程序类：

public class Invoice {

private String partNumber;  //part number of item
private String description; //description of item
private int quantity;       //quantity being purchased
private double itemPrice;   //price of item

//constructor
public Invoice(String partNumber, String description, int quantity, double itemPrice) {
    partNumber = partNumber;
    description = description;
    if (quantity < 0) {
        quantity = 0;
    }
    if (itemPrice < 0.0) {
        itemPrice = 0.0;
    }
}

public void setPartNumber(String number) {
    partNumber = number; //store the partNumber
}

public void setDescription(String description) {
    description = description;//store the description
}

public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
    quantity = quantity;//store the quantity
}

public void setItemPrice(double price) {
    itemPrice = price;//store the itemPrice
}

public String getPartNumber() {
    return partNumber;//retrieve the partNumber
}

public String getDescription() {
    return description;//retrieve the description
}

public int getQuantity() {
    return quantity;//retrieve the quantity
}

public double getItemPrice() {
    return itemPrice;//retrieve the itemPrice
}

//get price for item purchased.
public double getInvoiceAmount(double amount) {
    amount = itemPrice * quantity;
    if (amount < 0) {
        amount = 0.0;
    }
    return amount;
}
}

这是我的对象类：

public class InvoiceTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Invoice invoice1 = new Invoice ("0001", "Hammer: used to hit nails.", 1, 10.0);

    System.out.println("Item purchased: " + invoice1.getPartNumber() +
            "\n Description: " + invoice1.getDescription() +
            "\n Amount:" + invoice1.getQuantity() +
            "\n price: " + invoice1.getQuantity());
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println("Total price: " + invoice1.getInvoiceAmount(amount));
}

}

Answer 1

您忘了将变量分配给构造函数中的字段。使用this关键字来引用类字段：

public Invoice(String partNumber, String description, int quantity, double itemPrice) {
    //here's an example
    //partNumber = partNumber
    this.partNumber = partNumber;
    //description = description;
    this.description = description;
    //similar for other assignments inside the constructor...
}

您必须也会在您的制作者中执行此操作：

public void setPartNumber(String partNumber) {
    this.partNumber = partNumber; //store the partNumber
}

Answer 2

您的班级成员字段未按预期初始化，因为：

public Invoice(String partNumber, String description, int quantity, double itemPrice)
{
    partNumber = partNumber;

这里，partNumber指的是函数参数，而不是成员字段。要设置成员字段，请使用this.partNumber = partNumber。

Answer 3

您的setter没有将值设置到对象实例中，您需要进行如下所示的更改

public Invoice(String partNumber, String description, int quantity, 
        double itemPrice) {
  this.partNumber = partNumber;
  this.description = description;
  this.quantity = quantity;
  if (this.quantity < 0) {
    this.quantity = 0;
  }
  this.itemPrice = itemPrice;
  if (this.itemPrice < 0.0) {
    this.itemPrice = 0.0;
  }
}

public void setPartNumber(String number) {
  this.partNumber = number; //store the partNumber
}

public void setDescription(String description) {
  this.description = description;//store the description
}

public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
  this.quantity = quantity;//store the quantity
}

public void setItemPrice(double price) {
  this.itemPrice = price;//store the itemPrice
}

Getters和Setters返回null

3 个答案: