我正在尝试使用CardLayout来显示两个JPanels，一个主菜单和一个控制屏幕。当我向卡JPanels添加两个JPanel时，它只会显示两个带有闪烁图像的卡片。这是我的代码：
package main;
public class MazeGame {
// Layout
public static JPanel cards = new JPanel();
// Window
public static JFrame window;
public static String windowLabel = "2D Maze Game - Before Alpha";
// Window Dimensions and Location
public static int WIDTH = 600;
public static int HEIGHT = 600;
public static Component center = null;
public static int exit = 3;
public static void main(String[] args) {
window = new JFrame(windowLabel);
window.setSize(new Dimension(WIDTH, HEIGHT));
window.setResizable(false);
window.setLocationRelativeTo(center);
window.setDefaultCloseOperation(exit);
cards.setLayout(new CardLayout());
cards.add(new MazeGamePanel(), "main");
cards.add(new MazeControlsPanel(), "controls");
window.add(cards);
CardLayout cl = (CardLayout) cards.getLayout();
cl.show(cards, "main");
window.setVisible(true);
}
}
MazeGamePanel：
公共类MazeGamePanel扩展了JPanel实现的Runnable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// Timer
public Timer timer;
// Font
public Font bitTrip;
public Thread thread;
public BufferedImage canvas;
public Graphics2D g;
public boolean running;
public int HEIGHT = MazeGame.HEIGHT;
public int WIDTH = MazeGame.WIDTH;
public int FPS = 30;
public int opacity = 255;
public int selectedOption = 0;
public String option1 = "Play";
public String option2 = "Controls";
public String option3 = "Quit";
public MazeGamePanel() {
this.setFocusable(true);
this.requestFocus();
addKeyListener(new MazeGameKeyListener());
try {
bitTrip = Font.createFont(Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, new File(
"res/font/BitTrip7.TTF"));
} catch (FontFormatException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/**
ActionListener action = new ActionListener () {
public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
if(opacity != 0) {
opacity--;
} else {
timer.stop();
opacity = 0;
}
}
};
timer = new Timer(10, action);
timer.setInitialDelay(0);
timer.start();
*/
}
public void addNotify() {
super.addNotify();
if (thread == null) {
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
}
}
public void run() {
running = true;
canvas = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
g = (Graphics2D) canvas.getGraphics();
long startTime = 0;
long millis = 0;
long waitTime = 0;
long targetTime = 1000 / FPS;
while (running) {
startTime = System.nanoTime();
update();
render();
draw();
millis = (System.nanoTime() - startTime) / 1000000;
waitTime = targetTime - millis;
try {
Thread.sleep(waitTime);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
// TODO
public void render() {
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
bitTrip = bitTrip.deriveFont(40F);
g.setFont(bitTrip);
if (selectedOption == 0) {
//Play
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawString(option1, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2);
//Controls
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option2, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 50);
//Quit
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option3, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 100);
} else if (selectedOption == 1) {
//Play
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option1, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2);
//Controls
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawString(option2, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 50);
//Quit
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option3, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 100);
} else if (selectedOption == 2) {
//Play
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option1, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2);
//Controls
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.drawString(option2, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 50);
//Quit
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawString(option3, WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 100);
}
//g.setColor(new Color(0, 0, 0, opacity));
//g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
public void update() {
}
public void draw() {
Graphics g2 = this.getGraphics();
g2.drawImage(canvas, 0, 0, null);
g2.dispose();
}
private class MazeGameKeyListener extends KeyAdapter {
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
if (selectedOption == 1) {
selectedOption = 0;
} else if (selectedOption == 2) {
selectedOption = 1;
}
}
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
if (selectedOption == 0) {
selectedOption = 1;
} else if (selectedOption == 1) {
selectedOption = 2;
}
}
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
if(selectedOption == 1) {
MazeGame.window.removeAll();
MazeGame.window.add(new MazeControlsPanel());
MazeGame.window.validate();
}
}
}
}
}
MazeControlsPanel：
包装屏幕;
public class MazeControlsPanel extends JPanel implements Runnable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// Font
public Font bitTrip;
public Thread thread;
public BufferedImage canvas;
public Graphics2D g;
public boolean running;
public int HEIGHT = MazeGame.HEIGHT;
public int WIDTH = MazeGame.WIDTH;
public int FPS = 30;
public int opacity = 255;
public int selectedOption = 0;
public MazeControlsPanel() {
this.setFocusable(true);
this.requestFocus();
addKeyListener(new MazeControlsKeyListener());
try {
bitTrip = Font.createFont(Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, new File(
"res/font/BitTrip7.TTF"));
} catch (FontFormatException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/**
final Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
public void run() {
if (opacity != 0) {
opacity--;
} else {
timer.cancel();
opacity = 0;
}
}
}, 0, 4);
* / }
public void addNotify() {
super.addNotify();
if (thread == null) {
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
}
}
public void run() {
running = true;
canvas = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
g = (Graphics2D) canvas.getGraphics();
long startTime = 0;
long millis = 0;
long waitTime = 0;
long targetTime = 1000 / FPS;
while (running) {
startTime = System.nanoTime();
update();
render();
draw();
millis = (System.nanoTime() - startTime) / 1000000;
waitTime = targetTime - millis;
try {
Thread.sleep(waitTime);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
// TODO
public void render() {
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
bitTrip = bitTrip.deriveFont(40F);
g.setFont(bitTrip);
// Quit
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawString("Main Menu", WIDTH / 2 - 200, HEIGHT / 2 + 100);
//g.setColor(new Color(0, 0, 0, opacity));
//g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
public void update() {
}
public void draw() {
Graphics g2 = this.getGraphics();
g2.drawImage(canvas, 0, 0, null);
g2.dispose();
}
private class MazeControlsKeyListener extends KeyAdapter {
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：4)
这是一个问题：
final Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
不要在Swing程序中使用java.util.Timer，因为您会遇到线程问题。而是使用Swing Timer。
此外，您在后台线程中进行Swing调用，并使用通过在组件上调用getGraphics()获得的Graphics对象，为Swing程序调用两个no-nos。
修改
这是我使用CardLayout交换组件的一个程序，但是当一个组件淡入另一个组件时将其淡出。它的作用：
swap()。done()方法，将SwappingImgPanel的状态设置为State.DONE。import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.swing.*;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class DimmingPanelSwaps extends JPanel {
private static final int DELTA_TIME = 10;
private static final int ELAPSED_TIME = 3000;
private static final String SWAPPING_IMG_PANEL = "swapping img panel";
private CardLayout cardlayout = new CardLayout();
private JPanel cardHolderPanel = new JPanel(cardlayout);
private DefaultComboBoxModel<String> comboModel = new DefaultComboBoxModel<>();
private JComboBox<String> cardCombo = new JComboBox<>(comboModel);
private Map<String, JComponent> componentMap = new HashMap<String, JComponent>();
private String key = "";
private SwappingImgPanel swappingImgPanel = new SwappingImgPanel(DELTA_TIME, ELAPSED_TIME);
public DimmingPanelSwaps() {
registerComponent(createComponentOne(), "one");
registerComponent(createComponentTwo(), "two");
registerComponent(createComponentThree(), "three");
registerComponent(createComponentFour(), "four");
key = "one";
cardHolderPanel.add(swappingImgPanel, SWAPPING_IMG_PANEL);
JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();
southPanel.add(cardCombo);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add(cardHolderPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
swappingImgPanel.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {
@Override
public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent pcEvt) {
if (pcEvt.getNewValue() == State.DONE) {
cardlayout.show(cardHolderPanel, key);
cardCombo.setEnabled(true);
}
}
});
cardCombo.addActionListener(new CardComboListener());
}
private JPanel createComponentFour() {
int rows = 4;
int cols = 4;
int gap = 5;
int tfColumns = 8;
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(rows, cols, gap, gap));
for (int i = 0; i < rows * cols; i++) {
JTextField textField = new JTextField(tfColumns);
JPanel tfPanel = new JPanel();
tfPanel.add(textField);
panel.add(tfPanel);
}
return panel;
}
private JLabel createComponentThree() {
int biWidth = 200;
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(biWidth, biWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics();
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2.setPaint(new GradientPaint(0, 0, Color.red, 20, 20, Color.blue, true));
g2.fillOval(0, 0, biWidth, biWidth);
g2.dispose();
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(img);
JLabel label = new JLabel(icon);
return label;
}
private JScrollPane createComponentTwo() {
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(15, 40);
JScrollPane scrollpane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
scrollpane.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
scrollpane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
return scrollpane;
}
private JPanel createComponentOne() {
JPanel innerPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 0, 5, 0));
String[] btnTitles = {"One", "Two", "Three"};
for (String btnTitle : btnTitles) {
JButton btn = new JButton(btnTitle);
innerPanel.add(btn);
}
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
panel.add(innerPanel);
return panel;
}
@SuppressWarnings("hiding")
private void registerComponent(JComponent jComp, String key) {
cardHolderPanel.add(jComp, key);
componentMap.put(key, jComp);
comboModel.addElement(key);
}
private class CardComboListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
final String oldKey = key;
key = (String) cardCombo.getSelectedItem();
cardCombo.setEnabled(false);
final JComponent firstComp = componentMap.get(oldKey);
final BufferedImage firstImg = extractComponentImg(firstComp);
final JComponent secondComp = componentMap.get(key);
final BufferedImage secondImg = extractComponentImg(secondComp);
cardlayout.show(cardHolderPanel, SWAPPING_IMG_PANEL);
swappingImgPanel.setFirstImg(firstImg);
swappingImgPanel.setSecondImg(secondImg);
swappingImgPanel.swap();
}
private BufferedImage extractComponentImg(final JComponent component) {
Dimension size = component.getSize();
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(size.width, size.height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g2 = img.createGraphics();
component.paint(g2);
g2.dispose();
return img;
}
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
DimmingPanelSwaps mainPanel = new DimmingPanelSwaps();
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Dimming Panel Swaps");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
/**
* A JPanel that draws two images
* When swap is called, the first image is shown
* Then a Timer dims the first image while it reveals
* the second image.
* When the elapsed time is complete, it sets its state to State.DONE.
* @author Pete
*
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class SwappingImgPanel extends JPanel {
public static final String STATE = "state";
private BufferedImage firstImg;
private BufferedImage secondImg;
private int deltaTime;
private int elapsedTime;
// state is a "bound" property, one that is listened to via PropertyChangeSupport
private State state = State.PENDING;
private float alpha1;
private float alpha2;
public SwappingImgPanel(final int deltaTime, final int elapsedTime) {
this.deltaTime = deltaTime;
this.elapsedTime = elapsedTime;
}
public void swap() {
setState(State.STARTED);
if (firstImg == null || secondImg == null) {
done();
}
alpha1 = 1.0f;
alpha2 = 0.0f;
new Timer(deltaTime, new ActionListener() {
private int counter = 0;
private int max = elapsedTime / deltaTime;
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (counter >= elapsedTime / deltaTime) {
((Timer)e.getSource()).stop();
done();
return;
}
// set new alpha composite values
alpha1 = ((float)max - counter) / (float) max;
alpha2 = (float) counter / (float) max;
// make sure alphas are within bounds
alpha1 = Math.min(1f, alpha1);
alpha1 = Math.max(0f, alpha1);
alpha2 = Math.min(1f, alpha2);
alpha2 = Math.max(0f, alpha2);
repaint();
counter++;
}
}).start();
}
private void done() {
firstImg = null;
secondImg = null;
setState(State.DONE);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (firstImg == null || secondImg == null) {
return;
}
// create a new Graphics2D object with g.create()
// to avoid any possible side effects from changing the
// composite of the JVM's Graphics object
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g.create();
// set the first alpha composite, and draw the image
g2.setComposite(((AlphaComposite)g2.getComposite()).derive(alpha1));
g2.drawImage(firstImg, 0, 0, this);
// set the second alpha composite, and draw the image
g2.setComposite(((AlphaComposite)g2.getComposite()).derive(alpha2));
g2.drawImage(secondImg, 0, 0, this);
g2.dispose(); // can get rid of this Graphics because we created it
}
public void setFirstImg(BufferedImage firstImg) {
this.firstImg = firstImg;
}
public void setSecondImg(BufferedImage secondImg) {
this.secondImg = secondImg;
}
public State getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(State state) {
State oldValue = this.state;
State newValue = state;
this.state = state;
firePropertyChange(STATE, oldValue, newValue);
}
}
/**
* Modeled on SwingWorker.StateValue
* @author Pete
*
*/
enum State {
PENDING, STARTED, DONE
}