嗨,我正在向LRtHW学习,我被卡住了......
我有这样的程序:
require 'open-uri'
WORD_URL = "http://learncodethehardway.org/words.txt"
WORDS = []
PHRASES = {
"class ### < ###\nend" => "Make a class named ### that is-a ###.",
"class ###\n\tdef initialize(@@@)\n\tend\nend" => "class ### has-a initialize that takes @@@ parameters.",
"class ###\n\tdef ***(@@@)\n\tend\nend" =>"class ### has-a function named *** that takes @@@ parameters.",
"*** = ###.new()" => "Set *** to an instance of class ###.",
"***.***(@@@)" => "From *** get the *** function, and call it with parameters @@@.",
"***.*** = '***'" => "From *** get the *** attribute and set it to '***'."
}
PHRASE_FIRST = ARGV[0] == "english"
open(WORD_URL) do |f|
f.each_line {|word| WORDS.push(word.chomp)}
end
def craft_names(rand_words, snippet, pattern, caps=false)
names = snippet.scan(pattern).map do
word = rand_words.pop()
caps ? word.capitalize : word
end
return names * 2
end
def craft_params(rand_words,snippet,pattern)
names = (0...snippet.scan(pattern).length).map do
param_count = rand(3) + 1
params = (0...param_count).map {|x| rand_words.pop()}
params.join(', ')
end
return names * 2
end
def convert(snippet, phrase)
rand_words = WORDS.sort_by {rand}
class_names = craft_names(rand_words, snippet, /###/, caps=true)
other_names = craft_names(rand_words, snippet,/\*\*\*/)
param_names = craft_params(rand_words, snippet, /@@@/)
results = []
for sentence in [snippet, phrase]
#fake class name, also copies sentence
result = sentence.gsub(/###/) {|x| class_names.pop}
#fake other names
result.gsub!(/\*\*\*/) {|x| other_names.pop}
#fake parameter list
result.gsub!(/@@@/) {|x| param_names.pop}
results.push(result)
end
return results
end
# keep going until they hit CTRL-D
loop do
snippets = PHRASES.keys().sort_by { rand }
for snippet in snippets
phrase = PHRASES[snippet]
question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
if PHRASE_FIRST
question, answer = answer, question
end
print question, "\n\n> "
odp = gets.chomp
if odp == "exit"
exit(0)
end
#exit(0) unless STDIN.gets
puts "\nANSWER: %s\n\n" % answer
end
end
我理解大部分代码,但我遇到了问题:
for sentence in [snippet, phrase]
我知道它是一个“for”循环并且它创建了一个“句子”变量,但是循环如何知道它需要查看散列的键和值“PHRASES”
我的第二个“墙”是:
question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
看起来它创建并分配“问题”和“用”片段“和”短语“参数为”转换“方法回答变量...再次如何将”问题“分配给键并回答价值。
我知道这可能很简单但是现在它阻止了我的想法:(
答案 0 :(得分:1)
关于for循环的第一个问题:
查看for循环的定义位置。它在convert()方法中,对吗?并且convert()方法传递两个参数:一个snippet
和一个phrase
。所以循环不是“寻找”PHRASES哈希中的值,你是提供它的那个。你正在使用方法的参数。
关于作业的第二个问题:
在Ruby中,我们可以做一些叫做“解构赋值”的事情。这意味着我们可以为多个变量分配一个数组,每个变量将在数组中保存一个值。这就是你的计划中发生的事情。 convert()方法返回一个两项数组,并为数组中的每个项提供一个名称(问题和答案)。
这是解构分配的另一个例子:
a, b, c = [1, 2, 3]
a # => returns 1
b # => returns 2
c # returns 3
在IRB中尝试一下,看看你是否掌握了它。如果我能帮助澄清任何事情,或者我是否误解了你的问题,请告诉我。问“简单”问题你永远不会感到难过!