给出以下字符串......
"localhost:9000/one/two/three"
我想在单词two
后截断并获取
"localhost:9000/one/two"
我已经实现了truncateBefore
和truncateAfter
这样的方法:
def truncateBefore(s: String, p: String) = {
s.substring(s.indexOf(p) + p.length, s.length)
}
def truncateAfter(s: String, p: String) = {
s.substring(0, s.indexOf(p) + p.length)
}
这些方法起作用并返回预期结果:
scala> truncateAfter("localhost:9000/one/two/three", "three")
res1: String = localhost:9000/one/two
scala> truncateBefore("localhost:9000/one/two/three", "three")
res2: String = /three
在scala中有更好的方法吗?最好是正则表达式?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
使用正则表达式的一个选项:
val beforeAfter = "(^.*two)(.*)$".r
scala> val beforeAfter(after, before) = "localhost:9000/one/two/three"
after: String = localhost:9000/one/two
before: String = /three
使用拆分的另一个选项:
scala> "localhost:9000/one/two/three" split ("two")
res0: Array[java.lang.String] = Array(localhost:9000/one/, /three)
如果您在输入中没有单词two
,这些不是超级强大的解决方案,但您可以相应地处理它...
在中使用正则表达式进行理解:
scala> val beforeAfter = "(^.*two)(.*)$".r
beforeAfter: scala.util.matching.Regex = (^.*two)(.*)$
scala> (for {
| matches <- beforeAfter.findAllIn("localhost:9000/one/two/three").matchData
| tokens <- matches.subgroups
| } yield tokens).toList
res0: List[String] = List(localhost:9000/one/two, /three)
如果找不到匹配项,则是安全的:
scala> (for {
| match <- beforeAfter.findAllIn("localhost").matchData
| token <- match.subgroups
| } yield token).toList
res1: List[String] = List()
答案 1 :(得分:2)
在第一个文字之后拆分,没有太多的正则表达式(双关语)。
scala> implicit class `split after`(val s: String) {
| def splitAfter(p: String): (String, String) = {
| val r = (Regex quote p).r
| r findFirstMatchIn s map (m => (s.substring(0, m.end), m.after.toString)) getOrElse (s, "")
| }}
defined class split$u0020after
scala> "abcfoodeffooghi" splitAfter "foo"
res2: (String, String) = (abcfoo,deffooghi)
scala> "abc*def" splitAfter "*"
res3: (String, String) = (abc*,def)
答案 2 :(得分:1)
显然效率不高,但确实有效。
scala> val url = "localhost:9000/one/two/three"
url: String = localhost:9000/one/two/three
scala> url.reverse.dropWhile(_ != '/').reverse
res0: String = localhost:9000/one/two/
使用索引:
scala> url.drop(url.reverse.indexOf('/'))
res1: String = host:9000/one/two/three
答案 3 :(得分:1)
好的,感谢大家......这是我的解决方案:
package object typeExtensions {
implicit class StringExtensions(val string: String) extends AnyVal {
def truncateAfter(pattern: String) = beforeAfter(pattern).map(_._1).getOrElse(string)
def truncateBefore(pattern: String) = beforeAfter(pattern).map(_._2).getOrElse(string)
private def beforeAfter(pattern: String) = {
if (string.contains(pattern)) {
val beforeAfter = ("(^.*" + Pattern.quote(pattern) + ")(.*)$").r
val beforeAfter(before, after) = string
Some(before, after)
} else None
}
}
}
任何改进上述代码的建议都非常受欢迎; - )
答案 4 :(得分:0)
从Scala 2.13
开始,作为正则表达式解决方案的替代方案,还可以通过unapplying a string interpolator模式匹配String
:
"localhost:9000/one/two/three" match {
case s"${prefix}two${suffix}" => s"${prefix}two"
case _ => "no match"
}
// String = "localhost:9000/one/two"