Question

我有一个看起来像这样的postgres表：

proposal_id | nih_budget_start | nih_budget_end  | nsf_start_date | nsf_end_date   | award_amount
proposal_A  | 03/01/2000       | 12/31/2000      |                |                | 10,000
proposal_B  |                  |                 | 08/01/2005     | 07/31/2009     | 5,000,000
proposal_C  | 06/27/2012       | 11/17/2013      |                |                | 420,000

日期包含date数据类型。

我想创建一个视图，告诉我每年提案的资金来源，以及平均奖金额是多少。因此，视图可能看起来像这样（选项1）：

proposal_id | start_year | end_year | average_award
proposal_A  | 2000       | 2000     | 10,000
proposal_B  | 2005       | 2009     | 1,000,000 
proposal_C  | 2012       | 2013     | 210,000

或 - 甚至更好 - 这（选项2）：

proposal_id | year | award
proposal_A  | 2000 | 10,000
proposal_B  | 2005 | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2006 | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2007 | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2008 | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2009 | 1,000,000
proposal_C  | 2012 | 210,000
proposal_C  | 2023 | 210,000

此外，将奖励金额按比例分配给部分年度资金可能会很好，但这并非完全必要。

基于下面建议的答案，我目前正在这样做，这似乎按预期工作，以获得上面的选项1：

CREATE VIEW award_per_year AS
select t1.proposal_id,t1.START_DATE,t1.END_DATE,
(t1.adjusted_award_amount/((t1.END_DATE - t1.START_DATE) + 1.)) avg_award
from
(select t2.proposal_id,
(extract(year from START_DATE)) START_DATE,
(extract(year from END_DATE)) END_DATE,
t2.adjusted_award_amount from
(select proposal_id,
case when nih_budget_start is not NULL then nih_budget_start else nsf_start_date end start_date,
case when nih_budget_end is not NULL then nih_budget_end else nsf_end_date end end_date,
adjusted_award_amount from proposal)t2)t1

Answer 1

选项1：使用COALESCE

SELECT proposal_id, start_year, end_year
     , award_amount/((end_year - start_year) + 1.0) AS avg_award
FROM  (
   SELECT proposal_id
        , extract(year FROM COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date))::int AS start_year
        , extract(year FROM COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date))::int AS end_year
        , award_amount
   FROM   proposal
   ) sub;

选项2：使用generate_series()

SELECT proposal_id
     , generate_series(start_year, end_year) AS year
     , award_amount/((end_year - start_year) + 1.0) AS avg_award
FROM  (
   SELECT proposal_id
        , extract(year FROM COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date))::int AS start_year
        , extract(year FROM COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date))::int AS end_year
        , award_amount
   FROM   proposal
   ) sub;

-> SQLfiddle

Answer 2

根据您的澄清，您最好获得如下列表：

proposal_ID | years_funded  | average_award
proposal_A  | 2000          | 10,000
proposal_B  | 2005          | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2006          | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2007          | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2008          | 1,000,000
proposal_B  | 2009          | 1,000,000
proposal_C  | 2012          | 210,000
proposal_C  | 2013          | 210,000

在前端，您可以使用此列表显示年度明智的提案资金。请确认。

根据您的输入，这里有一个查询，可以实现您想要的第一个输出结果集：

SELECT proposal_id,
     TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date),'YYYY') AS start_year,
     TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date),'YYYY') AS end_year,
     award_amount/(TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date),'YYYY')::INT - TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date),'YYYY')::INT+1) AS average_award
FROM Proposals

以下查询可以使用递归CTE实现第二个结果集：

WITH RECURSIVE dates AS
( 
     SELECT proposal_id,nih_budget_start,nsf_start_date,nih_budget_end,nsf_end_date, TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date),'YYYY')::INT  AS Dt,
     award_amount/(TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date),'YYYY')::INT - TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_start, nsf_start_date),'YYYY')::INT+1) AS average_award
     FROM proposals
     UNION ALL
     SELECT proposal_id,nih_budget_start,nsf_start_date,nih_budget_end,nsf_end_date, d1.dt + 1, average_award FROM dates d1
     WHERE d1.dt < TO_CHAR(COALESCE(nih_budget_end, nsf_end_date),'YYYY')::INT 
 )
SELECT proposal_id, dt AS year, average_award  FROM dates d ORDER BY proposal_id,dt

请参阅SQLFiddle

上的代码

Answer 3

尝试此查询：

select t1.proposal_ID,t1.START_DATE,t1.END_DATE,
DIV(t1.award,(t1.END_DATE - t1.START_DATE + 1))award
from
(select t2.proposal_ID,
(substr(t2.START_DATE,7,4)::integer) START_DATE,
(substr(t2.END_DATE,7,4)::integer) END_DATE,
t2.award from
(select proposal_ID,
case when length(start_date1) = 10 then start_date1 else start_date2 end start_date,
case when length(end_date1) = 10 then end_date1 else end_date2 end end_date,
award from table1)t2)t1;

使用计算值枚举两个日期之间的年份

3 个答案:

SQL Fiddle