rails bootstrap-sass assets编译错误 - 未定义变量alert-padding

Question

所有道路都指向bootstrap-sass

推荐链：

• railscast-328（twitter bootstrap basics）指的是
• http://www.sitepoint.com/twitter-bootstrap-less-and-sass-understanding-your-options-for-rails-3-1/指的是
• https://github.com/jlong/sass-bootstrap反过来说，有一个新的官方自助登场口为
• https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass这是twitter-bootstrap文章
中的另一个选项

据报道，bootstrap-rails gem存在问题：https://github.com/anjlab/bootstrap-rails/issues/91

我相信我正确安装了

宝石

gem 'sass-rails', '>= 3.2' # sass-rails needs to be higher than 3.2
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '~> 3.1.1'

已安装（在资产组的外部和内部尝试），application.css.scss包含

@import "bootstrap";

仅

但它给了我一个错误

尝试bundle exec rake assets:precompile时会出现此错误：

rake aborted!
Undefined variable: "$alert-padding".
  (in /home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bootstrap-sass-3.1.1.0/vendor/assets/stylesheets/bootstrap/_alerts.scss)
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bootstrap-sass-3.1.1.0/vendor/assets/stylesheets/bootstrap/_alerts.scss:10
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/script/variable.rb:49:in `_perform'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/script/node.rb:40:in `perform'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:298:in `visit_prop'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:37:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:100:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `block in visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `map'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:109:in `block in visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:121:in `with_environment'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:108:in `visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:37:in `block in visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:320:in `visit_rule'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:37:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:100:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `block in visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `map'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:53:in `visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:109:in `block in visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:121:in `with_environment'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:108:in `visit_children'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:37:in `block in visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:128:in `visit_root'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:37:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:100:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:7:in `visit'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/tree/root_node.rb:20:in `render'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/engine.rb:315:in `_render'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.2.7/lib/sass/engine.rb:262:in `render'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-rails-3.2.6/lib/sass/rails/template_handlers.rb:106:in `evaluate'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/tilt-1.3.7/lib/tilt/template.rb:77:in `render'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/context.rb:193:in `block in evaluate'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/context.rb:190:in `each'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/context.rb:190:in `evaluate'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/processed_asset.rb:16:in `initialize'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/base.rb:18:in `new'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/base.rb:18:in `block in build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:270:in `circular_call_protection'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/base.rb:14:in `build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/index.rb:93:in `block in build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/caching.rb:19:in `cache_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/index.rb:92:in `build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:169:in `find_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/index.rb:14:in `find_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/bundled_asset.rb:12:in `initialize'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/base.rb:22:in `new'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/base.rb:22:in `build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/index.rb:93:in `block in build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/caching.rb:19:in `cache_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/index.rb:92:in `build_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:169:in `find_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/index.rb:14:in `find_asset'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/static_compiler.rb:41:in `block in compile'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:219:in `block in each_logical_path'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:206:in `block (2 levels) in each_file'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:196:in `each'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:196:in `each_entry'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:204:in `block in each_file'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:203:in `each'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:203:in `each_file'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:217:in `each_logical_path'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/sprockets_overrides/static_compiler.rb:29:in `compile'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/tasks/assets.rake:108:in `internal_precompile'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/turbo-sprockets-rails3-0.3.11/lib/turbo-sprockets/tasks/assets.rake:115:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:246:in `call'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:246:in `block in execute'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:241:in `each'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:241:in `execute'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:184:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:177:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:170:in `invoke'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:143:in `invoke_task'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `each'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `block in top_level'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:110:in `run_with_threads'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:95:in `top_level'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:73:in `block in run'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:160:in `standard_exception_handling'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:70:in `run'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/bin/rake:23:in `<main>'

我检查/home/joe/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bootstrap-sass-3.1.1.0/vendor/assets/stylesheets/bootstrap.scss实际上是先导入bootsrap/目录下面的_variables.scss文件（在_alerts.scss等之前），它确实...并且在_variables.scss中它定义了$ alert_padding。

我怀疑我错过了一些明显的东西

在environments/production.rb文件中，我评论了有关资产的所有内容，并根据手册config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = true

尝试了https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass

到目前为止的研究

• bootstrap-sass: Undefined variable: "$baseLineHeight"
• Proper SCSS Asset Structure in Rails
• Using twitter bootstrap with rails assets pipeline and less
• https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass/issues/79#issuecomment-4428595
• trying to import bootstrap via bootstrap-sass on heroku but getting an error
• https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass
• https://github.com/anjlab/bootstrap-rails/issues/91
• railscast 328,329和268寻找线索
• 谷歌搜索
• 修改gem的bootstrap / bootstrap.scss以使用下划线和.scss，各种修改，例如在environments/production.rb中注释与资产相关的行，仅在gem的页面中注释（手动）{{1} }

发现

问题

我将gem的内容复制到我的assets目录中，这基本上就是jlong​​的bo​​otstrap所做的。

它没有看config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = true ...它忽略了我放在那里并选择查看文件夹并加载这些文件。这就是为什么它首先看到alerts.scss。我尝试将_variables.scss的名称更改为_aavariables.scss无效

Answer 1

我的具体问题是隐藏在application.rb ...

中的一些代码

我是怎么找到的

我将puts config.assets.precompile.inspect添加到config/environments/production.rb并对其输出的正则表达式感到惊讶。然后我搜索了代码库中的“config.assets.precompile”，然后在application.rb中找到了：

config.assets.precompile << /(^[^_\/]|\/[^_])[^\/]*$/
...
config.assets.precompile += ["*.js", "*.css", "jquery-migrate-rails.js"]

导致了这个问题。 （我有点困惑，因为我已经对这些正则表达式进行了三次检查，他们不应该选择_alerts.scss ......但是让我们对它进行掩饰，并集中精力去除这些线条修复它的事实）

也许这会帮助别人......

Answer 2

不知道为什么但是对我来说这有助于将assets.rb这一行放入

Rails.application.config.assets.precompile += [/^[-_a-zA-Z0-9]*\..*/]

最初我有 Sass :: SyntaxError：Undefined变量：＆＃34; $ alert-padding＆＃34;。问题这一行

Rails.application.config.assets.precompile += [/.*\.css/] 

但是在我把它改成第一个之后，问题就解决了，一切都在生产中。

Answer 3

我在使用Rails 4时遇到了同样的问题。 我想出了覆盖gems的解决方案。 为此，我复制了gem bootstrap-sass-X.X.X.X文件夹中的引导程序vendors 比宝石路径的Gemfile更改

  gem 'bootstrap-sass', '3.3.1.0', :path => 'vendor/bootstrap-sass-X.X.X.X'
  than write these 2 line
    @import "bootstrap/variables";
    @import "bootstrap/mixins";
  at top of each of file which are inside the bootstrap folder
  (vendor/bootstrap-sass-X.X.X.X/assets/stylesheets/bootstrap)

  //like for _alerts.scss

  // Alerts
  // --------------------------------------------------
    @import "bootstrap/variables";
    @import "bootstrap/mixins";

  // Base styles
  // -------------------------

Answer 4

全局和预编译资产存在问题。 https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass/issues/863

如果必须预编译js和CSS资产：

Rails.application.config.assets.precompile += [proc { |filename, path| path =~ /(app|lib|vendor)\/assets/ && ['.js', '.css'].include?(File.extname(filename)) }]

基本上，此过程将在应用程序库和供应商文件夹中查找您的资产。

此外，使用Rails Guide的一部分来编写此代码