当尝试从查询过滤的模型生成excel文件时，我有标题中所述的异常。查询按预期工作，并为我提供正确和完整的结果。但是，当我尝试生成excel文件时会发生重大事件：
File "/home/luismasuelli/Proyectos/CentralCar/main/views.py", line 100, in export_xls
workbook.close()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/workbook.py", line 237, in close
self._store_workbook()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/workbook.py", line 405, in _store_workbook
xml_files = packager._create_package()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/packager.py", line 139, in _create_package
self._write_shared_strings_file()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/packager.py", line 265, in _write_shared_strings_file
sst._assemble_xml_file()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 53, in _assemble_xml_file
self._write_sst_strings()
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 83, in _write_sst_strings
self._write_si(string)
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 95, in _write_si
string = re.sub('(_x[0-9a-fA-F]{4}_)', r'_x005F\1', string)
File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/lib/python2.7/re.py", line 151, in sub
return _compile(pattern, flags).sub(repl, string, count)
TypeError: expected string or buffer
什么可能导致我这个例外？我试图改变编码以按照建议添加utf8，但这对我没有帮助。
我正在使用django应用程序中的Xlsxwriter 0.5.2 / python 2.7.4（ubuntu），如下所示：
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
#...
from StringIO import StringIO
#...
import datetime
#...
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
#...
import xlsxwriter
#...
from main.models import Contact
#...
def export_xls(request, period=''):
deltas = {
'D': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
'W': datetime.timedelta(days=7),
'M': datetime.timedelta(days=30),
'6M': datetime.timedelta(days=182),
'Y': datetime.timedelta(days=365)
}
query = Contact.objects.all().order_by('-enviado_en')
if period:
query = query.filter(enviado_en__gt=datetime.datetime.now() - deltas[period])
stream = StringIO()
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(stream, {'in_memory': True})
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('Contactos')
#poner encabezados
header_format = workbook.add_format()
header_format.set_align("center")
header_format.set_bold()
header_format.set_font_name('Arial')
worksheet.set_column(9, 9, 40)
worksheet.write_string(0, 0, Contact._meta.get_field('enviado_en').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 1, Contact._meta.get_field('nombre').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 2, Contact._meta.get_field('apellido').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 3, Contact._meta.get_field('email').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 4, Contact._meta.get_field('telefono').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 5, Contact._meta.get_field('ciudad').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 6, Contact._meta.get_field('vehiculo').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 7, Contact._meta.get_field('kilometraje').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 8, Contact._meta.get_field('dia_preferente').verbose_name, header_format)
worksheet.write_string(0, 9, Contact._meta.get_field('mensaje').verbose_name, header_format)
#poner cada fila
body_format = workbook.add_format()
body_format.set_font_name('Arial')
current_row = 1
for contact in query:
worksheet.write(current_row, 0, contact.enviado_en.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H/%M/%S"), body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 1, contact.nombre, body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 2, contact.apellido, body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 3, contact.email, body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 4, contact.telefono, body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 5, contact.ciudad, body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 6, contact.get_vehiculo_display(), body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 7, contact.get_kilometraje_display(), body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 8, contact.get_dia_preferente_display(), body_format)
worksheet.write(current_row, 9, contact.mensaje, body_format)
current_row += 1
workbook.close()
data = stream.getvalue()
response = HttpResponse(content=data, content_type='application/vnd.ms-excel')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=reporte-%s.xlsx' % datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
return response
成为我的模特联系人：
class Contact(models.Model):
DIAS = (
#('?', 'Cualquiera'),
('L', 'Lunes'),
('M', 'Martes'),
('I', 'Miercoles'),
('J', 'Jueves'),
('V', 'Viernes'),
('S', 'Sábado')
)
KILOMETRAJE = (
#('??', '(No especifica)'),
('00', '0km'),
('05', '1 - 5000km'),
('10', '5000km - 10000km'),
('15', '10001km - 15000km'),
('20', '15001km - 20000km'),
('25', '20001km - 25000km'),
('30', '25001km - 30000km'),
('35', '30001km - 35000km'),
('40', '35001km - 40000km'),
('45', '40001km - 45000km'),
('50', '45001km - 50000km'),
('55', '50001km - 55000km'),
('60', '55001km - 60000km'),
('65', '60001km - 65000km'),
('70', '65001km - 70000km'),
('75', '70001km - 75000km'),
('80', '75001km - 80000km'),
('85', '80001km - 85000km'),
('90', '85001km - 90000km'),
('95', '90001km - 950000km'),
('XX', '95001km - 100000km'),
('++', 'Más de 100000km')
)
enviado_en = models.DateTimeField(default=tznow, null=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Enviado en"))
#campos de contacto
nombre = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Nombre"))
apellido = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Apellido"))
email = models.EmailField(null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"E-mail"))
telefono = models.CharField(max_length=10, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, validators=[contact_phone_number_format], verbose_name=_(u"Teléfono"))
ciudad = models.CharField(max_length=20, null=False, blank=False, validators=[validate_ciudad], verbose_name=_(u"Ciudad"))
#campos solamente de cotizacion
vehiculo = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, db_index=True, choices=vehicle_choices(), verbose_name=_(u"Vehículo"))
kilometraje = models.CharField(max_length=2, blank=True, db_index=True, choices=KILOMETRAJE, default='05', verbose_name=_(u"Kilometraje"))
#campos solamente de agendar cita
dia_preferente = models.CharField(max_length=1, blank=True, choices=DIAS, default='L', verbose_name=_(u'Día para cita'))
#mensaje
mensaje = models.TextField(max_length=4095, null=False, blank=False, verbose_name=_(u"Mensaje"))
假设vehicle_choices（）存在并返回输入字段的有效选择集。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
我找到了答案：verbose_name对象实际上是从ugettext_lazy返回的代理。调用force_unicode（ugl_obj）将它们转换为字符串（转换不是自动完成的）。
在我的情况下，标题打印中的每个值都被包装，例如：
worksheet.write_string(0, 0, force_unicode(Contact._meta.get_field('enviado_en').verbose_name), header_format)