Question

我希望以编程方式启用并启动C＃中的Net.Tcp端口共享服务。我可以使用ServiceController类轻松启动服务。但是，如何启用默认禁用的服务？

我在网上找到了一条推荐，将以下注册表项设置为2，如下所示，可以将服务启动类型设置为自动：

string path = "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\" + serviceName;
using (RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(path, true)) {
    key.SetValue("Start", 2);
}

我试过这个，虽然它似乎确实将启动类型更改为自动，但必须有更多，因为服务现在不会启动（以编程方式或手动方式）。我不得不通过services.msc手动重置启动类型以重置事物，以便可以启用并重新启动服务。

有没有人解决过这个问题？

Answer 1

根据您想要的解决方案的“纯粹”程度，有多种方法可以做到这一点。这里有一些选择。 请注意，所有这些解决方案都需要管理权限，并且必须在升级过程中运行。

通过C＃

使用命令提示符

这将涉及shell sc.exe并通过命令行参数更改服务的启动类型。这与上面提到的解决方案类似，只是不需要注册表黑客攻击。

namespace Sample
{
    using System;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.Globalization;

    internal class ServiceSample
    {
        private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, string startupType)
        {
            string arguments = string.Format(
                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                "config {0} start= {1}",
                serviceName,
                startupType);
            using (Process sc = Process.Start("sc.exe", arguments))
            {
                sc.WaitForExit();
                return sc.ExitCode == 0;
            }
        }

        private static void Main()
        {
            ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", "auto");
        }
    }
}

使用WMI

这需要System.Management.dll的装配参考。在这里，我们将使用WMI功能ChangeStartMode来获取服务。

namespace Sample
{
    using System;
    using System.Globalization;
    using System.Management;

    internal class ServiceSample
    {
        private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, string startupType)
        {
            const string MethodName = "ChangeStartMode";
            ManagementPath path = new ManagementPath();
            path.Server = ".";
            path.NamespacePath = @"root\CIMV2";
            path.RelativePath = string.Format(
                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                "Win32_Service.Name='{0}'",
                serviceName);
            using (ManagementObject serviceObject = new ManagementObject(path))
            {
                ManagementBaseObject inputParameters = serviceObject.GetMethodParameters(MethodName);
                inputParameters["startmode"] = startupType;
                ManagementBaseObject outputParameters = serviceObject.InvokeMethod(MethodName, inputParameters, null);
                return (uint)outputParameters.Properties["ReturnValue"].Value == 0;
            }
        }

        private static void Main()
        {
            ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", "Automatic");
        }
    }
}

使用P / Invoke到Win32 API

对于某些人来说，这是最“纯粹”的方法，尽管做出正确的做法更为棘手。基本上你会想从.NET调用ChangeServiceConfig。但是，这需要您首先为指定的服务拨打OpenService，并且 需要事先致电OpenSCManager（当您不在时，不要忘记CloseServiceHandle完成！）。

注意：此代码仅用于演示目的。它不包含任何错误处理并可能泄漏资源。正确的实现应使用SafeHandle类型以确保正确清理，并应添加适当的错误检查。

namespace Sample { using System; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; internal class ServiceSample { private const uint SC_MANAGER_CONNECT = 0x1; private const uint SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG = 0x2; private const uint STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = 0x20000; private const uint SERVICE_NO_CHANGE = 0xFFFFFFFF; private const uint SERVICE_AUTO_START = 0x2; private const uint SERVICE_DEMAND_START = 0x3; private const uint SERVICE_DISABLED = 0x4; [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string lpMachineName, string lpDatabaseName, uint dwDesiredAccess); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, uint dwDesiredAccess); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool ChangeServiceConfig(IntPtr hService, uint dwServiceType, uint dwStartType, uint dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lpServiceStartName, string lpPassword, string lpDisplayName); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject); private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, uint startType) { IntPtr scManager = ServiceSample.OpenSCManager(null, null, ServiceSample.SC_MANAGER_CONNECT); IntPtr service = ServiceSample.OpenService(scManager, serviceName, ServiceSample.SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG | ServiceSample.STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE); bool succeeded = ServiceSample.ChangeServiceConfig(service, ServiceSample.SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, startType, ServiceSample.SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, null, null, IntPtr.Zero, null, null, null, null); ServiceSample.CloseServiceHandle(service); ServiceSample.CloseServiceHandle(scManager); return succeeded; } private static void Main() { ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", ServiceSample.SERVICE_AUTO_START); } } }

Answer 2

使用ServiceController

有一个简单的答案

System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController netTcpPortSharingService = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController("NetTcpPortSharing");

if (netTcpPortSharingService != null)
            {
                if(netTcpPortSharingService.Status!=ServiceControllerStatus.Running && netTcpPortSharingService.Status!=ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending)
                {
                    netTcpPortSharingService.Start();
                }
            }

如何以编程方式启用Net.Tcp端口共享服务？

2 个答案:

通过C＃

使用WMI

使用P / Invoke到Win32 API