我的问题是:用findby属性修饰的webelements是否在每次引用时调用findelement函数?如果没有,何时?
List<的过程是什么? webelement>哪个还装饰?当您引用列表时,或引用该列表中的元素时,它会触发吗?
我在问,因为我遇到了一些情况,我得到过时的元素异常,我想知道如何处理它们。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
WebElements被懒惰地评估。也就是说,如果您从未在PageObject中使用WebElement字段,则永远不会为其调用“findElement”。 Reference
如果每次都不希望WebDriver
查询元素,则必须使用@CacheLookup
注释。
我的问题清单部分怎么样?
从列表中查询时会触发findElements。说你有:
@FindBy(xpath = "//div[@class=\"langlist langlist-large\"]//a")
private List<WebElement> list;
以下代码示例所有触发 findElements:
list.isEmpty();
WebElement element = list.get(0);
在哪里
List<WebElement> newList = new ArrayList<WebElement>();
newList = list;
不会触发 findElements()。
请查看LocatingElementListHandler
课程。我建议潜入源头寻找答案。
您可以从PageFactory类中找到此代码注释:
/**
* Instantiate an instance of the given class, and set a lazy proxy for each of the WebElement
* and List<WebElement> fields that have been declared, assuming that the field name is also
* the HTML element's "id" or "name". This means that for the class:
*
* <code>
* public class Page {
* private WebElement submit;
* }
* </code>
*
* there will be an element that can be located using the xpath expression "//*[@id='submit']" or
* "//*[@name='submit']"
*
* By default, the element or the list is looked up each and every time a method is called upon it.
* To change this behaviour, simply annotate the field with the {@link CacheLookup}.
* To change how the element is located, use the {@link FindBy} annotation.
*
* This method will attempt to instantiate the class given to it, preferably using a constructor
* which takes a WebDriver instance as its only argument or falling back on a no-arg constructor.
* An exception will be thrown if the class cannot be instantiated.
*
* @see FindBy
* @see CacheLookup
* @param driver The driver that will be used to look up the elements
* @param pageClassToProxy A class which will be initialised.
* @return An instantiated instance of the class with WebElement and List<WebElement> fields proxied
*/
答案 1 :(得分:0)
对于问题1)“页面工厂”模式中的概念是仅在任何操作中使用WebElement时才标识它们。
对于问题2)无论何时尝试访问Page类变量(WebElement或List),@ FindBy都会根据变量类型触发FindElement或FindElements。
class LoginPage{
.....
@FindBy(id, "uname")
WebElement username;// no trigger
@FindBy(xpath, "//table/tr")
List<WebElement> pdtTable; // no trigger
.....
.....
public void enterUserame(String text){
uname.sendKeys(text);
}
.....
.....
}
.....
.....
LoginPage loginPage = PageFactory
.initElements(driver, LoginPage.class); // creates WebElement variables but not triggers
if(loginPage.uname.isDisplayed()){// Trigger happens
loginPage.enterUserame("example");// Trigger happens
}
int count=pdtTable.size();// Trigger happens for FindElements
其他信息:PageFactory批注@CacheLookup用于标记一旦定位的WebElement,以便始终可以使用DOM中的相同实例。当将此注释应用于WebElement时,它指示Selenium保留WebElement的缓存,而不是每次都从WebPage中搜索WebElement。这可以帮助我们节省很多时间。