Question

我遇到设置markdown-command的问题。我得到符号作为变量是无效的。我最初设置在自定义内部并且一切正常。我想清理我的init.el，我宁愿将所有内容保留在自定义之外并手动设置。

有人能提供这方面的见解吗？我见过的最近的事情就在这里：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12058717/confusing-about-the-emacs-custom-system

感谢。

    ;;General Settings
    (global-auto-revert-mode t) ;;Refresh Buffers on File Change.
    (setq-default indent-tabs-mode nil) ;;Use spaces instead of tabs.
    (desktop-save-mode 1) ;;Save session
    (show-paren-mode 1) ;;Show matching parenthesis

    ;;Custom Load Paths
    (add-to-list 'custom-theme-load-path "~/.emacs.d/themes/") ;;Look here for additional themes.
    (add-to-list 'load-path "~/.emacs.d/modes/") ;;Look here for additional modes.


    ;;Load Specific Them
    (load-theme 'solarized-dark t)

    ;;Marmalade Package Manager
    (require 'package)
    (add-to-list 'package-archives 
        '("marmalade" .
          "http://marmalade-repo.org/packages/"))
    (package-initialize)

    ;;OSX Specific Settings
    ;;Add /usr/local/bin and /opt/local/bin to execution path
    (if (eq system-type 'darwin)
        (setq exec-path
              (append 
               '("/usr/local/bin"
                 "/opt/local/bin")
               exec-path)))


    ;;Markdown Specific Settings
    (autoload 'markdown-mode "markdown-mode"
       "Major mode for editing Markdown files" t)
    (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.text\\'" . markdown-mode))
    (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.markdown\\'" . markdown-mode))
    (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.md\\'" . markdown-mode))
     (if (eq system-type 'darwin)
        (setq-default 'markdown-command '("/usr/local/bin/pandoc"))
       (setq-default 'markdown-command '("/usr/bin/multimarkdown")))

(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
)

(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )

根据建议，我试过

 (eval-after-load "markdown-mode"
 (if (eq system-type 'darwin)
 (setq markdown-command '("/usr/local/bin/pandoc"))
 (setq markdown-command '("/usr/bin/multimarkdown"))))

然后我意识到自己的错误。我没有做过建议。

    (eval-after-load "markdown-mode"
    (if (eq system-type 'darwin)
    '(setq markdown-command ("/usr/local/bin/pandoc"))
   '(setq markdown-command ("/usr/bin/multimarkdown"))))

同样如上所述，eval-after-load "markdown-mode"不需要。

Answer 1

代码失败，因为变量markdown-command在markdown-mode中定义，而markdown-mode尚未加载。通过将此变量添加到init文件，可以在加载markdown-mode时安排设置变量。

(eval-after-load "markdown-mode"
  '(setq markdown-command '("/usr/bin/markdown")))

来自 C-h f eval-after-load RET

Arrange that if FILE is loaded, FORM will be run immediately afterwards.
If FILE is already loaded, evaluate FORM right now.

<强>更新

如果您只想保留init文件中的自定义选项，可以将以下内容添加到init文件中

(setq custom-file "~/your-custom-file")
(load custom-file)

Answer 2

保存设置的算法如下：如果变量是可自定义的（在变量的You can customize this variable.缓冲区底部查找*Help*行），则输入

(custom-set-variables
 '(markdown-command '("/usr/local/bin/pandoc"))
 '(indent-tabs-mode nil))

进入.emacs，否则您使用setq。

当实际加载使用您的自定义的包时，它会根据您的custom-set-variables来电正确设置变量。

Answer 3

这通常不是一个好主意：

我最初设置在自定义内部并且一切正常。我想清理我的init.el，我宁愿将所有内容保留在自定义之外并手动设置。

是的，保持自定义的初始文件。但不意味着你需要放弃使用Customize。用它来做它的好处。并通过定义选项custom-file将其限制在自己的文件中。

对于您当前的问题，您执行不需要eval-after-load或任何其他代码，以您希望的方式定义此选项。您只需要执行M-x customize-option RET markdown-command RET并在更新后保存值 - 在Customize中。

这是正确的方式来自定义用户选项。

Emacs：在自定义部分之外设置变量的问题

3 个答案: