我昨晚问了一个关于计算机科学课程的问题,其中我必须将中缀转换为后缀表示法并进行评估。我能够调试它并使其工作(有些),但是,我仍然得到一些表达式的奇怪输出。
它适用于第一次迭代,使用基本输入,如7 + 7,3 + 2等...但是,一旦你添加了括号或其他表达式,它就会变得怪异,我无法弄清楚原因。
下面的代码以及我得到的文本文件/输出。
标题文件:
#ifndef STACK_H
#define STACK_H
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////Includes/////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdio.h>
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
using namespace std;
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
template <typename Object>
class Stack
{
private:
class stackListNode
{
public:
Object data;
stackListNode *next;
private:
//Nothing to declare-->placeholder since class
//sets data members to private initially
};
stackListNode *top;
public:
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Constructor Function//////////////////////////
Stack() {top = NULL;}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Rest of functions defined inline for simplicity
void push(char token) // Push token onto the stack and create new node for top of stack
{
stackListNode *newNode = new stackListNode;
newNode->data = token;
newNode->next = top;
top = newNode;
}
char pop()
{
if(empty())
{
cout << "Stack is empty!\n" << endl;
return NULL;
}
stackListNode *temp = top;
top = temp->next;
return temp->data;
}
char peek()
{
if(empty())
{
cout << "Stack is empty!\n" << endl;
//exit(1);
return NULL;
}
return top->data;
}
int empty()
{
return top == NULL;
}
};
#endif
驱动:
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////Includes/////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include "Stack.h"
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
using namespace std;
int precendence(char stack_beginning); //overloaded for character sitting at the front of the stack
void InFixToPostfix(ifstream& in_file);
//double EvaluatePostfix(double first_operand, double second_operand, char*myArray);
int main()
{
////VARS/////////////////////////////////////////////
string absolutePath;
cout << endl;
cout << "Please type in the name of the file you would to open \n";
cin >> absolutePath;
ifstream in_file;
in_file.open(absolutePath.c_str());
if(!in_file)
{
cout << "failed to open input file\n" ;
return 1 ;
}
else
{
InFixToPostfix(in_file); //kicks off program
}
}
void InFixToPostfix(ifstream& in_file)
{
string infix;
int right_parentheses = 0;
int left_parentheses = 0;
while(getline(in_file, infix))
{
char myArray[infix.length()];
strcpy(myArray, infix.c_str());
////////Declares a STRING Stack////////////////////////////////
Stack<char> stack_string;
////////Declares an Int Stack/////////////////////////////////
Stack<double> stack_int;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int j = 0;
char *postfix = new char[infix.length()];
for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(myArray); i++)
{
int number = myArray[i] - '0';
if(number > 0)
{
postfix[j] = myArray[i];
j++;
//outputs the number b/c it is an operand
}
else if(myArray[i] == ')')
{
while(stack_string.peek() != '(')
{
cout << stack_string.peek() << " ";
stack_string.pop(); //pops to the peek
}
stack_string.pop(); // if there is a ), pops to the peek
}
else if(myArray[i] == '+' || myArray[i] == '-' || myArray[i] == '/' || myArray[i] == '*' || myArray[i] == '(')
{
if(!stack_string.empty())
{
char stack_beginning = stack_string.peek();
int stack_top = precendence(stack_beginning);
//int stack_top = precendence(stack_string.peek());
int operatorHierarchy = precendence(myArray[i]);
//must be declared here because i will have been interated through array
while(operatorHierarchy >= stack_top)
{
stack_string.pop();
postfix[j] = myArray[i];
j++;
stack_top = precendence(stack_beginning);
operatorHierarchy = precendence(myArray[i]);
}
}
stack_string.push(myArray[i]);
}
}
while(!stack_string.empty())
{
char c = (char)stack_string.pop();
postfix[j] = c;
j++;
}
//////////Evaluate Section/////////////////////////////
cout << postfix <<endl;
for(int i = 0; i < j; i++)
{
//cout<<myArray[i]<<endl;
cout << postfix[i] <<endl;
int number = postfix[i] - '0';
if(number > 0) //this is a number
{
stack_int.push(number);
cout << stack_int.peek();
}
else if(postfix[i] == '*' || postfix[i] == '+' || postfix[i] == '-' || postfix[i] == '/')
{
double first_operand;
first_operand = stack_int.peek(); //fetches first operand on the stack_int
stack_int.pop();
//////////////////
double second_operand;
second_operand = stack_int.peek();
stack_int.pop();
//////////////////
if(postfix[i] == '+')
{
stack_int.push(second_operand + first_operand);
}
else if(postfix[i] == '-')
{
stack_int.push(second_operand - first_operand);
}
else if(postfix[i] == '*')
{
stack_int.push(second_operand * first_operand);
}
else if(postfix[i] == '/')
{
stack_int.push(second_operand / first_operand);
}
}
}
cout << (double)stack_int.pop() << endl;
}
}
int precendence(char stack_beginning)
{
int precendence;
if(stack_beginning == '(')
{
precendence = 3;
return precendence;
}
else if(stack_beginning == '*' || stack_beginning == '/')
{
precendence = 2;
return precendence;
}
//by making it 2, the precendence is dubbed less than +/-
else if(stack_beginning == '+' || stack_beginning == '-')
{
precendence = 1;
return precendence;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
} //by making it 1, the precendence is dubbed greater than */"/"
文字档案:
9+5
(4+2)
(3+8)/2
输出:
Please type in the name of the file you would to open
f.txt
95+
9
5
+
14
+ 42
4
2
2
+ 382/
3
8
2
/
4
答案 0 :(得分:1)
以下是我发现的一些问题:
C-Style字符串或std :: string,而不是两者
您将strcpy
与std::string::c_str()
一起使用。
坚持使用std::string
您可以通过视为数组来访问单个字符,string [5]返回第6个字符。
Char堆栈与字符串堆栈不同
你的评论说了一堆字符串,但你声明Stack<char>
这是一堆字符,而不是字符串。
同样,Stack不是一堆整数
当你应该使用std::string
变量时,你正在动态分配一个数组的字符。
使用库函数。
请参阅isdigit
和toupper
以及tolower
。
使用调试器
现在是使用调试器的好时机。单步执行程序并查看变量。
使用打印语句
如果您拒绝使用调试器,请在代码中使用行号放置“print”语句,以获取程序行为的快照。