Question

我尝试使用MVC5和OWIN身份验证为Web站点的ApplicationUser添加自定义属性。我已阅读https://stackoverflow.com/a/10524305/264607，我喜欢它与基本控制器的集成方式，以便轻松访问新属性。我的问题是，当我将HTTPContext.Current.User属性设置为我的新IPrincipal时，我得到一个空引用错误：

[NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.]
   System.Web.Security.UrlAuthorizationModule.OnEnter(Object source, EventArgs eventArgs) +127
   System.Web.SyncEventExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +136
   System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +69

这是我的代码：

    protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
        {
            userManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

            ApplicationUser user = userManager.FindByName(HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name);

            PatientPortalPrincipal newUser = new PatientPortalPrincipal();
            newUser.BirthDate = user.BirthDate;
            newUser.InvitationCode = user.InvitationCode;
            newUser.PatientNumber = user.PatientNumber;

            //Claim cPatient = new Claim(typeof(PatientPortalPrincipal).ToString(), );

            HttpContext.Current.User = newUser;
        }
    }

public class PatientPortalPrincipal : ClaimsPrincipal, IPatientPortalPrincipal
{
    public PatientPortalPrincipal(ApplicationUser user)
    {
        Identity = new GenericIdentity(user.UserName);
        BirthDate = user.BirthDate;
        InvitationCode = user.InvitationCode;
    }

    public PatientPortalPrincipal() { }

    public new bool IsInRole(string role)
    {
        if(!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(role))
            return Role.ToString().Equals(role);

        return false;
    }

    public new IIdentity Identity { get; private set; }
    public WindowsBuiltInRole Role { get; set; }
    public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
    public string InvitationCode { get; set; }
    public string PatientNumber { get; set; }
}

public interface IPatientPortalPrincipal : IPrincipal
{

    WindowsBuiltInRole Role { get; set; }
    DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
    string InvitationCode { get; set; }
    string PatientNumber { get; set; }
}

我没有找到关于如何做到这一点的文档的方式，我读过这些文章：

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webdev/archive/2013/10/16/customizing-profile-information-in-asp-net-identity-in-vs-2013-templates.aspx

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webdev/archive/2013/07/03/understanding-owin-forms-authentication-in-mvc-5.aspx

第二个链接中的评论指出我可能正在使用声明（http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms734687.aspx?cs-save-lang=1&cs-lang=csharp），但链接到的文章没有说明如何将这些声明添加到IPrincipal（这是{{1}在管道中你应该将它们添加到HttpContext.Current.User（这是ClaimsIdentity所具体的具体类）。我倾向于使用声明，但我需要知道将这些新声明添加到用户的位置。

即使声称是要走的路，我也很好奇我的自定义IPrincipal出了什么问题，因为我似乎已经实现了它所需的一切。

Answer 1

我可以使用基于Claims的安全性来开展工作，所以如果您希望快速完成某些工作，我现在所拥有的是：

在AccountController（我的SignInAsync方法中）的登录过程中，为UserManager创建的身份添加新声明：

private async Task SignInAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool isPersistent)
{
    AuthenticationManager.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
    var identity = await UserManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
    identity.AddClaim(new Claim("PatientNumber", user.PatientNumber)); //This is what I added
    AuthenticationManager.SignIn(new AuthenticationProperties() { IsPersistent = isPersistent }, identity);
}

然后在我的基本控制器类中，我只添加了一个属性：

private string _patientNumber;
public string PatientNumber
{
    get
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_patientNumber))
        {
            try
            {
                var cp = ClaimsPrincipal.Current.Identities.First();
                var patientNumber = cp.Claims.First(c => c.Type == "PatientNumber").Value;
                _patientNumber = patientNumber;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
            }
        }
        return _patientNumber;
    }
}

此链接有助于声明知识：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms734687.aspx?cs-save-lang=1&cs-lang=csharp#code-snippet-1

更新IPrincipal的问题

我将其追踪到Identity属性。问题是我在PatientPortalPrincipal类上提供了一个未设置Identity属性的默认构造函数。我最终做的是删除默认构造函数并从Application_PostAuthenticateRequest内调用正确的构造函数，更新的代码在下面

protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
    {
        userManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

        ApplicationUser user = userManager.FindByName(HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name);

        PatientPortalPrincipal newUser = new PatientPortalPrincipal(user);
        newUser.BirthDate = user.BirthDate;
        newUser.InvitationCode = user.InvitationCode;
        newUser.PatientNumber = user.PatientNumber;

        //Claim cPatient = new Claim(typeof(PatientPortalPrincipal).ToString(), );

        HttpContext.Current.User = newUser;
    }
}

这使整个事情发挥作用！

Answer 2

您收到异常是因为HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated在检查时返回false（HttpContext.Current.Request.IsAuthenticated也是如此）。

如果删除if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)语句，它将正常工作（至少这部分代码）。

我尝试过这样一个简单的事情：

BaseController.cs

public abstract class BaseController : Controller
{
    protected virtual new CustomPrincipal User
    {
        get { return HttpContext.User as CustomPrincipal; }
    }
}

CustomPrincipal.cs

public class CustomPrincipal : IPrincipal
{
    public IIdentity Identity { get; private set; }
    public bool IsInRole(string role) { return false; }

    public CustomPrincipal(string username)
    {
        this.Identity = new GenericIdentity(username);
    }

    public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
    public string InvitationCode { get; set; }
    public int PatientNumber { get; set; }
}

的Global.asax.cs

protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
     CustomPrincipal customUser = new CustomPrincipal(User.Identity.Name);

     customUser.BirthDate = DateTime.Now;
     customUser.InvitationCode = "1234567890A";
     customUser.PatientNumber = 100;

     HttpContext.Current.User = customUser;
}

HomeController.cs

public ActionResult Index()
{
    ViewBag.BirthDate = User.BirthDate;
    ViewBag.InvitationCode = User.InvitationCode;
    ViewBag.PatientNumber = User.PatientNumber;

    return View();
}

这很好用。所以，除非这段代码：

userManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

ApplicationUser user = userManager.FindByName(HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name);

没有返回有效的（自定义）用户对象，问题在于if()语句。

您的更新看起来很好，如果您乐意将数据存储为Cookie中的声明，您可以使用它，尽管我个人讨厌那里的try {}捕获块。

我所做的是：

BaseController.cs

[AuthorizeEx]
public abstract partial class BaseController : Controller
{
    public IOwinContext OwinContext
    {
        get { return HttpContext.GetOwinContext(); }
    }

    public new ClaimsPrincipal User
    {
        get { return base.User as ClaimsPrincipal; }
    }

    public WorkContext WorkContext { get; set; }
}

我使用自定义属性修饰基本控制器类。

AuthorizeExAttribute.cs：

public class AuthorizeExAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
{
    public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
    {
        Ensure.Argument.NotNull(filterContext);

        base.OnAuthorization(filterContext);

        IPrincipal user = filterContext.HttpContext.User;
        if (user.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
        {
            var ctrl = filterContext.Controller as BaseController;
            ctrl.WorkContext = new WorkContext(user.Identity.Name);
        }
    }
}

和WorkContext.cs：

public class WorkContext
{
    private string _email;

    private Lazy<User> currentUser;

    private IAuthenticationService authService;
    private ICacheManager cacheManager;

    public User CurrentUser
    {
        get 
        { 
            var cachedUser = cacheManager.Get<User>(Constants.CacheUserKeyPrefix + this._email);
            if (cachedUser != null)
            {
                return cachedUser;
            }
            else
            {
                var user = currentUser.Value;

                cacheManager.Set(Constants.CacheUserKeyPrefix + this._email, user, 30);

                return user;
            }
        }
    }

    public WorkContext(string email)
    {
        Ensure.Argument.NotNullOrEmpty(email);

        this._email = email;

        this.authService = DependencyResolver.Current.GetService<IAuthenticationService>();
        this.cacheManager = DependencyResolver.Current.GetService<ICacheManager>();

        this.currentUser = new Lazy<User>(() => authService.GetUserByEmail(email));
    }

然后我像这样访问WorkContext：

public class DashboardController : BaseController
{
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        ViewBag.User = WorkContext.CurrentUser;

        return View();
    }
}

我正在使用Ninject的依赖关系解析器来解析authService和cacheManager但你可以跳过缓存并用我认为的ASP.NET身份UserManager替换authService。

由于WorkContext课程受到NugetGallery项目的启发，我还想给予应有的信任。

Answer 3

我打赌 HttpContext.Current.User 为空。所以不要这样：

if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)

你可以试试这个：

if (HttpContext.Current.Request.IsAuthenticated)

Answer 4

我遇到了同样的错误。

我的问题是，对于匿名用户，我没有在IPrincipal上设置IIdentity。我只在用户使用用户名登录时才这样做。否则，IIdentity无效。

我的解决方案是始终设置IIdentity。如果用户未经过身份验证（匿名用户），则IIdentity.IsAuthenticated将设置为false。否则，是的。

我的代码：

private PrincipalCustom SetPrincipalIPAndBrowser()
{
     return new PrincipalCustom
     {
       IP = RequestHelper.GetIPFromCurrentRequest(HttpContext.Current.Request),
       Browser = RequestHelper.GetBrowserFromCurrentRequest(HttpContext.Current.Request),

    /* User is not authenticated, but Identity must be set anyway. If not, error occurs */
       Identity = new IdentityCustom { IsAuthenticated = false }
     };
}

使用MVC5和OWIN的自定义标识

4 个答案: