我是编程和面向对象设计的新手。这是我完成学士学位的最后要求（不是编程）。我对如何使面向对象的工作感到困惑，我看到的任何东西似乎都没有帮助。 分配是创建使用继承，多态和集合的联系人列表。我需要一个存储两种联系人的联系人列表：商业和个人。 1.提示选择要添加或显示的联系人。 2.提示允许用户输入联系信息。 3.提示将显示所选联系人的输出。
我有以下类和子类。我被困在如何阅读特定arraylists的输入中。我甚至都不知道这些课程是否正确。 任何帮助都会很棒，我只需要通过这个，然后我很乐意将编程留给那些知道他们在做什么的人。
这就是我的父母班级所拥有的：
package ooo1;
public abstract class Contact {
private String contactId;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String address;
private String phoneNumber;
private String emailAddress;
public Contact(String contactId,String firstName,String lastName, String address, String phoneNumber, String emailAddress)
{
this.contactId = contactId;
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.address = address;
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
this.emailAddress = emailAddress;
}
public void setContactId(String input){
this.contactId = input;
}
public String getContactId(){
return contactId;
}
public void setFirstName(String input){
this.firstName = input;
}
public String getFirstName(){
return firstName;
}
public void setLastName(String input){
this.lastName = input;
}
public String getLastName(){
return lastName;
}
public void setAddress(String input){
this.address = input;
}
public String getAddress(){
return address;
}
public void setPhoneNumber(String input){
this.phoneNumber = input;
}
public String getPhoneNumber(){
return phoneNumber;
}
public void setEmailAddress(String input){
this.emailAddress = input;
}
public String getEmailAddress(){
return emailAddress;
}
void displayContact(){
System.out.println("Contact ID:" + contactId + " First Name:" + firstName + " Last Name:" + lastName);
System.out.println("Address:" + address);
System.out.println("Phone Number:" + phoneNumber);
System.out.println("Email Address:" + emailAddress);
}
}
这是我的一个子类：
package ooo1;
public class PersonalContact extends Contact {
private String dateofBirth;
public PersonalContact(String contactId, String firstName, String lastName, String address, String phoneNumber, String emailAddress, String dateofBirth){
super(contactId, firstName, lastName, address, phoneNumber, emailAddress);
this.dateofBirth = dateofBirth;
}
public void setDateofBirth(String input){
this.dateofBirth=input;
}
public String getDateofBirth(){
return this.dateofBirth;
}
}
这是我的另一个子类：
package ooo1;
public class BusinessContact extends Contact {
private String jobTitle;
private String organization;
public BusinessContact(String contactId, String firstName, String lastName, String address, String phoneNumber, String emailAddress, String jobTitle, String organization){
super(contactId, firstName, lastName, address, phoneNumber, emailAddress);
this.jobTitle = jobTitle;
this.organization = organization;
}
public void setJobTitle(String input){
this.jobTitle = input;
}
public String getJobTitle(){
return this.jobTitle;
}
public void setOrganization(String input){
this.organization = input;
}
public String getOrganization(){
return this.organization;
}
}
这就是我对Main的看法，我认为这是错误的：
package ooo1;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ContactList {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<PersonalContact> personalList = new ArrayList<PersonalContact>();
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Please enter ContactId : ");
String contactId = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter First Name : ");
String firstName = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter Last Name : ");
String lastName = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter Address : ");
String address = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter Phone Number : ");
String phoneNumber = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter Email Address : ");
String emailAddress = input.nextLine();
System.out.println("Please enter Birthday: ");
String dateofBirth = input.nextLine();
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：0)
你需要将它们组合在一起。首先，考虑使用List。它应该包含两种类型的联系人，但是它的类型参数使用派生类型PersonalContact。而是使用基类Contact
List<Contact> contacts = new ArrayList<Contact>();
接下来，您似乎开始通过控制台从最终用户收集有关联系人的信息。在此之前，您可能想询问输入的联系类型，可以选择为个人联系人输入1或为业务联系人输入2。然后收集特定于他们选择的联系类型的信息。
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Please enter Specify the contact type (1 Personal, 2 Business) : ");
int contactType = input.nextInt();
//collect data common to both types
if(contactType == 1){
//collect information specific to personal
} else if(contactType ==2){
//collect information specific to business
}
接下来，您需要使用构造函数将收集的数据转换为实际对象。这需要有条件地完成，如果做得好，实际上可能是最后一部分的一部分。
Contact contact;
if(contactType == 1){
contact = new PersonalContact(/*arguments here*/);
} else{
contact = new BusinessContact(/*arguments here*/);
}
然后通过将联系人添加到列表中来完成：
contacts.add(contact);
答案 1 :(得分：0)
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package javaprac;
/**
*
* @author Arijit
*/
public class Contact {
private String name;
private int number;
public Contact(int number,String name) {
this.name = name;
this.number = number;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public static Contact createContact(int number, String name){
return new Contact(number,name);
}
}
这是Contact类，由联系人姓名和联系电话号码管理。接下来，我们将设计MobilePhone类，它将包含一个数字（可选）和一个联系人的arraylist。
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package javaprac;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
*
* @author Arijit
*/
class MobilePhone1 {
public int mynumber;
public ArrayList < Contact > contacts;
public MobilePhone1(int mynumber) {
this.mynumber = mynumber;
this.contacts = new ArrayList < Contact > ();
}
public Boolean addContact(Contact contact) {
if (findPosition(contact) >= 0) {
System.out.println("Contact already is phone");
return false;
} else {
contacts.add(contact);
}
return true;
}
public ArrayList < Contact > getContacts() {
return contacts;
}
public void updateContact(Contact oldContact, Contact newContact) {
if (findPosition(oldContact) >= 0) {
contacts.set(findPosition(oldContact), newContact);
} else {
System.out.println("Contact does not exist");
}
}
public void removeContact(Contact contact) {
if (findPosition(contact) >= 0) {
contacts.remove(findPosition(contact));
} else {
System.out.println("No contact");
}
}
public int searchContact(Contact contact) {
int position = findPosition(contact);
if (contacts.contains(contact)) {
System.out.println("Item found at position");
return position;
}
System.out.println("Not found");
return -1;
}
private int findPosition(Contact contact) {
return this.contacts.indexOf(contact);
}
private int findPosition(String name) {
for (int i = 0; i < contacts.size(); i++) {
Contact contact = this.contacts.get(i);
if (contact.getName().equals(name)) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
public class MobilePhone {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Boolean quit = false;
int choice = 0;
java.util.Scanner sc = new java.util.Scanner(System.in);
MobilePhone1 phone = new MobilePhone1(98312);
//Contact newcontact = Contact.createContact(12345,"Arijt");
while (!quit) {
System.out.println("Enter your choice");
choice = sc.nextInt();
sc.nextLine();
switch (choice) {
case 0:
System.out.println("Enter the number of Contacts");
int count = sc.nextInt();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
System.out.println("Enter number");
int phoneNumber = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter Name");
sc.nextLine();
String name = sc.nextLine();
Contact newcontact = Contact.createContact(phoneNumber, name);
phone.addContact(newcontact);
}
break;
case 1:
int size = phone.getContacts().size();
System.out.println(size);
for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
phone.removeContact(phone.getContacts().get(i));
}
System.out.println(phone.getContacts().isEmpty());
break;
case 2:
for (int i = 0; i < phone.getContacts().size(); i++) {
System.out.println(phone.searchContact(phone.getContacts().get(i)));
}
break;
case 3:
//Contact newcontact1 = Contact.createContact(12345,"Buzz");
System.out.println("Enter the Contact name you want to update");
String oldContactName = sc.nextLine();
for (int j = 0; j < phone.getContacts().size(); j++) {
if (phone.getContacts().get(j).getName().equals(oldContactName)) {
System.out.println("Enter the new Contact name");
String newName = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter the new Contact number");
int newNumber = sc.nextInt();
phone.updateContact(phone.getContacts().get(j), Contact.createContact(newNumber, newName));
} else {
System.out.println("You are looking for the wrong contact");
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < phone.getContacts().size(); i++) {
System.out.println(phone.getContacts().get(i).getName() + "," + phone.getContacts().get(i).getNumber());
}
break;
case 4:
if(phone.getContacts().isEmpty()){
System.out.println("Emtpty contact list");
}
else {
System.out.println("Contact list");
for (int i = 0; i < phone.getContacts().size(); i++) {
System.out.println("Name: "+phone.getContacts().get(i).getName() + ",Phone Number: " + phone.getContacts().get(i).getNumber());
}
}
break;
case 6:
System.out.println("Enter 0 for adding contact\n");
System.out.println("Enter 1 for removing every contact\n");
System.out.println("Enter 2 for searching contact\n");
System.out.println("Enter 3 for updating contact\n");
System.out.println("Enter 4 for viewing the contact list\n");
System.out.println("Enter 6 for exiting\n");
System.out.println("Enter 5 to see the instrusctions again\n");
break;
case 5:
quit = true;
break;
}
}
}
}