我正在制作一个艺术性的opengl应用程序。最终产品无需显示文字。但在开发过程中，我想显示奇数位的数据用于诊断目的，如帧速率，对象计数。我希望文本的呈现不会大大降低代码的性能。
我意识到这是一个温和的主观问题，但同样我会很感激你的想法
答案 0 :(得分：8)
如果符合您的需要，我只使用gl_line原语编写了一个opengl文本渲染器：
#ifndef SIMPLETEXT_H
#define SIMPLETEXT_H
#include <GL/gl.h>
namespace SimpleText {
// internal vertex
union vertex {
float data[3];
};
// use 15 verts to hold all possible letters
// 0 - 1 - 2
// 3 - 4 - 5
// 6 - 7 - 8
// 9 - 10- 11
// 12- 13- 14
vertex verts[15] = {
{0, 4, 0}, {1, 4, 0}, {2, 4, 0},
{0, 3, 0}, {1, 3, 0}, {2, 3, 0},
{0, 2, 0}, {1, 2, 0}, {2, 2, 0},
{0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 0}, {2, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0}, {2, 0, 0}
};
// start/end char values
const int START = 33;
const int END = 90;
// size of the window (assumed square)
// increase this to decrease the size of text
const int WINDOW_EXTENT = 300;
// use index arrays to create letters
unsigned int letters[END - START + 1][15] = {
{4, 1, 7, 13, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // !
{4, 1, 4, 2, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // "
{8, 0, 12, 2, 14, 3, 5, 9, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // #
{8, 2, 3, 3, 11, 11, 12, 1, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // $
{14, 2, 12, 0, 3, 3, 1, 1, 0, 11, 13, 13, 14, 14, 11}, // %
{14, 14, 3, 3, 1, 1, 7, 7, 9, 9, 12, 12, 13, 13, 11}, // &
{2, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // '
{6, 1, 3, 3, 9, 9, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // (
{6, 1, 5, 5, 11, 11, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // )
{6, 0, 8, 6, 2, 1, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // *
{4, 6, 8, 4, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // +
{2, 10, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // ,
{2, 6, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // -
{8, 12, 13, 13, 10, 10, 9, 9, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // .
{2, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // /
{10, 0, 2, 2, 14, 14, 12, 12, 0, 0, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 0
{6, 3, 1, 1, 13, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 1
{10, 3, 1, 1, 5, 5, 8, 8, 12, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 2
{12, 0, 1, 1, 5, 5, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12, 8, 7, 0, 0}, // 3
{6, 14, 2, 2, 6, 6, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 4
{12, 2, 0, 0, 6, 6, 7, 7, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12, 0, 0}, // 5
{14, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 12, 12, 13, 13, 11, 11, 7, 7, 6}, // 6
{4, 0, 2, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 7
{12, 1, 3, 3, 11, 11, 13, 13, 9, 9, 5, 5, 1, 0, 0}, // 8
{10, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 7, 7, 8, 2, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // 9
{4, 1, 4, 10, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // :
{4, 1, 4, 10, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // ;
{4, 5, 6, 6, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // <
{4, 5, 3, 9, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // =
{4, 3, 8, 8, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // >
{8, 3, 1, 1, 5, 5, 7, 7, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // ?
{14, 4, 7, 7, 8, 8, 5, 5, 1, 1, 3, 3, 9, 9, 14}, // @
{10, 1, 6, 1, 8, 6, 12, 8, 14, 6, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // A
{14, 0, 12, 0, 5, 5, 7, 7, 6, 7, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12}, // B
{10, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 9, 9, 13, 13, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // C
{12, 0, 1, 1, 5, 5, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12, 12, 0, 0, 0}, // D
{8, 0, 12, 0, 2, 6, 7, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // E
{6, 0, 12, 0, 2, 6, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // F
{14, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 9, 9, 13, 13, 11, 11, 8, 8, 7}, // G
{6, 0, 12, 6, 8, 2, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // H
{6, 0, 2, 1, 13, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // I
{8, 1, 2, 2, 11, 11, 13, 13, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // J
{6, 0, 12, 6, 2, 6, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // K
{4, 0, 12, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // L
{8, 0, 12, 0, 7, 7, 2, 2, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // M
{6, 0, 12, 0, 14, 14, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // N
{12, 1, 5, 5, 11, 11, 13, 13, 9, 9, 3, 3, 1, 0, 0}, // O
{10, 0, 12, 0, 1, 1, 5, 5, 7, 7, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // P
{12, 0, 12, 12, 13, 13, 11, 11, 2, 2, 0, 10, 14, 0, 0}, // Q
{12, 0, 12, 0, 1, 1, 5, 5, 7, 7, 6, 7, 14, 0, 0}, // R
{14, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 8, 8, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12}, // S
{4, 0, 2, 1, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // T
{8, 0, 9, 9, 13, 13, 11, 11, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // U
{4, 0, 13, 13, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // V
{8, 0, 12, 12, 1, 1, 14, 14, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // W
{4, 0, 14, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // X
{6, 0, 7, 7, 2, 7, 13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, // Y
{6, 0, 2, 2, 12, 12, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0} // Z
};
}
// Draws a string of length <len> at an <x>/<y> position on the screen, optionally with a <shadow>
// The screen is set up to be 0,0 at the lower left and 150,150 at the upper right for positioning
// by default.
static void DrawText(const char * string, int len, float x, float y, bool shadow = false) {
if (len <= 0) return;
glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(0, SimpleText::WINDOW_EXTENT, 0, SimpleText::WINDOW_EXTENT, -10, 10);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 0, SimpleText::verts);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
char temp = 0;
// draw first copy if we need a shadow
if (shadow) {
glTranslatef(x + 0.3, y - 0.5, 0);
glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
temp = string[i];
temp = (temp < 97) ? temp : temp - 32;
if (temp >= SimpleText::START && temp <= SimpleText::END) {
glDrawElements(
GL_LINES,
SimpleText::letters[temp - SimpleText::START][0],
GL_UNSIGNED_INT,
&(SimpleText::letters[temp - SimpleText::START][1])
);
}
glTranslatef(2.7f, 0, 0);
}
}
glLoadIdentity();
glTranslatef(x, y, 0);
glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
// draw regular text
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
temp = string[i];
temp = (temp < 97) ? temp : temp - 32;
if (temp >= SimpleText::START && temp <= SimpleText::END) {
glDrawElements(
GL_LINES,
SimpleText::letters[temp - SimpleText::START][0],
GL_UNSIGNED_INT,
&(SimpleText::letters[temp - SimpleText::START][1])
);
}
glTranslatef(2.7f, 0, 0);
}
glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glPopMatrix();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glPopMatrix();
}
#endif
答案 1 :(得分：1)
鉴于你在Windows上这样做，处理事情的简单方法是使用wglUseFontBitmaps将一组字符加载到显示列表中，然后glRasterPos2i选择绘制的位置文本，glCallLists绘制字符串。如果你想要比诊断更漂亮的东西，你可以使用wglUseFontOutlines来获得更多的爱好者，例如创建2.5D（挤压）文本。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
如果只在开发期间需要它，您可能需要查看Win32函数OutputDebugString()。它将文本发送到附加的调试器，根本不需要对现有程序进行任何更改。您还可以将程序构建为控制台应用程序，并将文本写入stdout（printf，std :: cout）。这可能不如自定义OpenGL文本渲染器那么漂亮，但它很简单。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
抓取8x8 CP437个字形并将它们（以ASCII顺序）粘贴在128x128纹理中。由于它们紧密包装，请确保转动双线性过滤，否则您将会渗入相邻的字形。