Question

我是否可以使用Django用户模型提供的相同身份验证系统为继承Abstract Base User模型的模型，如果没有，那么我们还能做些什么呢？另外，如何配置ModelAdmin以提供对这些模型的管理员访问权限？

Answer 1

您更喜欢使用Django的内置身份验证系统，这可能是一个指示，根据Abstract Base User模型替换自定义User类是不必要的。您可能需要考虑使用一对一关系（how-to from the docs）扩展User类。这将允许您保留Django的所有默认行为，以及添加您希望用户拥有的任何其他字段，方法等。我们发现这对于我们的大多数情况都是足够的，而且比创建一个全新的Use类要麻烦得多。

无论如何，您可以通过继承BaseUserManager并创建新经理来创建自定义身份验证，然后将自定义用户的objects字段分配给此新经理。或者，您可以将自定义用户的objects字段分配给Django的经理。如果您需要某种自定义身份验证，则应该只创建自己的管理器（例如，使用电子邮件而不是用户名登录）。以下是有关如何执行该操作的文档的link。

要使用Django的admin注册自定义用户模型，您需要在特定应用的admin.py文件中执行一些操作。首先，创建用于创建和编辑用户的自定义表单，然后在自定义用户管理类中继承UserAdmin，并引用先前创建的表单。最后，使用admin.site.register()注册新的用户管理员。以下是admin.py文件的完整示例：

from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField

from customauth.models import MyUser


class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
    fields, plus a repeated password."""
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser
        fields = ('email', 'date_of_birth')

    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        # Save the provided password in hashed format
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user


class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """
    A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
    the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
    password hash display field.
    """
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser
        fields = ['email', 'password', 'date_of_birth', 'is_active', 'is_admin']

    def clean_password(self):
        # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
        # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
        # field does not have access to the initial value
        return self.initial["password"]


class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    # The forms to add and change user instances
    form = UserChangeForm
    add_form = UserCreationForm

    # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
    # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
    # that reference specific fields on auth.User.
    list_display = ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'is_admin')
    list_filter = ('is_admin',)
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        ('Personal info', {'fields': ('date_of_birth',)}),
        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
    )
    # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
    # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'password1', 'password2')}
        ),
    )
    search_fields = ('email',)
    ordering = ('email',)
    filter_horizontal = ()

# Now register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(MyUser, MyUserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)

使用admin.py文件完成后，使用AUTH_USER_MODEL文件中的settings.py变量将自定义模型指定为默认用户模型。

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'customauth.MyUser'

Django Abstract BaseUser

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