我在使用makefile编译CS hw时出现问题。它将在CodeBlocks中编译，但不能用gcc编译......
- ＆gt;文件位于此处https://github.com/ericmwalsh/cppSortedList
文件是......
SortedList.h
SortedList.cpp（包括SortedList.h）
PCTimer.h
fileListFunctions.cpp（包括PCTimer.h和SortedList.cpp）
testSortedList.cpp（包括fileListFunctions.cpp）
现在我知道我不应该在彼此中包含cpp文件但由于某种原因我无法使用我的makefile：
testmake：SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp
gcc -o testmake SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp -I。
我得到的错误如下：
gcc -o testmake SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp -I.
In file included from SortedList.cpp:9:
./SortedList.h:41:17: warning: in-class initialization of non-static data member is a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
int capacity=45500, size=0;
^
./SortedList.h:41:29: warning: in-class initialization of non-static data member is a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
int capacity=45500, size=0;
^
SortedList.cpp:138:1: warning: control may reach end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
3 warnings generated.
In file included from fileListFunctions.cpp:10:
./PCTimer.h:32:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cerr'
cerr << "attempt to start an already running stopwatch" << endl;
^
./PCTimer.h:32:68: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cerr << "attempt to start an already running stopwatch" << endl;
^
./PCTimer.h:43:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cerr'
cerr << "attempt to stop a non-running stopwatch" << endl;
^
./PCTimer.h:43:62: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cerr << "attempt to stop a non-running stopwatch" << endl;
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:12:38: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
void insertAllWords(char * fileName, SortedArrayList * inp){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:15:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
std::ifstream infile(fileName);
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:16:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:16:37: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:18:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
std::transform(line.begin(), line.end(), line.begin(), ::tolower);
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:21:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
infile.close();
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:23:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to insertAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:23:114: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to insertAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:25:36: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
bool findAllWords(char * fileName, SortedArrayList * inp){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:28:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
std::ifstream infile(fileName);
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:29:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:29:37: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:31:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
std::transform(line.begin(), line.end(), line.begin(), ::tolower);
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:34:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
infile.close();
^
fileListFunctions.cpp:36:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to findAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
20 errors generated.
testSortedList.cpp:12:5: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
SortedArrayList * a = new SortedArrayList();
^
testSortedList.cpp:12:31: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
SortedArrayList * a = new SortedArrayList();
^
testSortedList.cpp:22:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:22:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:22:42: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:22:50: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:34:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:34:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:34:41: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:34:49: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:39:5: error: unknown type name 'SortedLinkedList'
SortedLinkedList * a = new SortedLinkedList();
^
testSortedList.cpp:39:32: error: unknown type name 'SortedLinkedList'
SortedLinkedList * a = new SortedLinkedList();
^
testSortedList.cpp:49:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:49:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:49:21: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:49:55: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:49:63: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:57:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
cout << "Beginning the testing with SortedArrayList..." << endl << endl;
^
testSortedList.cpp:57:64: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
cout << "Beginning the testing with SortedArrayList..." << endl << endl;
^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
20 errors generated.
make: *** [testmake] Error 1
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您需要先将所有相关文件(.cpp)编译到对象(.o)中。并将其与最终对象(main.o)链接以形成可执行文件。
查看How to make a SIMPLE C++ Makefile?。
这将有效，
#Declaration and Definition of Macros which are used in make
CPP = g++
OBJ = SortedList.o fileListFunctions.o testSortedList.o
INCS = -I"include" -I"include" -I"."
BIN=testmake
CXXFLAGS=$(INCS) -O3 -Wall
RM = rm -f
.PHONY: all all-before all-after clean clean-custom
all: all-before $(BIN) all-after
clean: clean-custom
${RM} $(OBJ) $(BIN)
$(BIN): $(OBJ)
$(CPP) $(OBJ) -o $(BIN) $(LIBS)
SortedList.o: SortedList.cpp
$(CPP) -c SortedList.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)
fileListFunctions.o: fileListFunctions.cpp
$(CPP) -c fileListFunctions.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)
testSortedList.o: testSortedList.cpp
$(CPP) -c testSortedList.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)