Question

struts.xml中

struts.xml文件我写了这个

    <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

    <struts>
        <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

        <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">

        </package>
    </struts>

web.xml文件我写了这个

    <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
        <filter>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

jar文件我参与了web-inf/lib

公地BeanUtils的-1.7.0.jar
公地集合-3.2.1.jar
公地消化器-1.8.jar
公地文件上传-1.2.2.jar
公地-IO-2.0.1.jar
公地琅2.5.jar
共享记录-1.1.1.jar
公地验证-1.3.1.jar
的freemarker-2.3.16.jar
OGNL-3.0.1.jar
struts2的核 - 2.2.3.jar
XWork的核 - 2.2.3.jar

当我要在eclispe中运行时，这将会出错

错误

>>>SEVERE: Dispatcher initialization failed
>>>Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3693)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4340)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566)
>>> at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
>>> at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
>>> at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
>>> at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
>>>Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:221)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:101)
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:169)
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)
>>> ... 31 more
>>>Caused by: Bean type class com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory with the name xwork has already been loaded by bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72 - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:205)
>>> ... 34 more
>>>Jan 30, 2014 11:57:43 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
>>>SEVERE: Exception starting filter struts2
>>>Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:431)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3693)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4340)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566)
>>> at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
>>> at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
>>> at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
>>> at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
>>> at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
>>>Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)
>>> ... 29 more
>>>Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:221)
>>> at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:101)
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:169)
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)
>>> ... 31 more
>>>Caused by: Bean type class com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory with the name xwork has already been loaded by bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72 - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72
>>> at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:205)
>>> ... 34 more
>>>Jan 30, 2014 11:57:43 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
>>>SEVERE: Error filterStart
>>>Jan 30, 2014 11:57:43 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
>>>SEVERE: Context [/project] startup failed due to previous errors

Answer 1

堆栈跟踪中提到了您的问题：

Caused by: Bean type class com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory with the name xwork has
 already been loaded by bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF
/lib/struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72 - bean - jar:file:/F:/m/.metadata
/.me_tcat/webapps/project/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.2.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:29:72

您的struts2-core-*.jar目录中似乎有WEB-INF/lib的多个副本。我想你应该只有一个。做一些清理工作。另请查看您的.classpath是否没有重复的条目。

Answer 2

这是 jar 问题。你需要下载所有最新的struts罐子。

尝试以下jar库：

共同链12.jar
共文件上传-1.3.1.jar
公地-IO-2.2.jar
共享记录-API-1.1.jar

所有常见的jar（freemarker.jar，javaassist.jar，ognl.jar，xwork-core.jar，struts2-core.jar）都应该有最新版本。

特别要确保xwork和struts2核心jar具有相同的版本。在Java 8之后，这些jar不再是可选的。

Answer 3

错误很简单：

类com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory，名称为xwork 已经被bean加载了。

您是否已将struts2-core-X.X.X.X.jar添加到服务器类路径？与项目构建路径一起。

如果是，则删除。它会起作用。

严重：异常启动过滤器struts2无法加载配置。 - bean - jar：file：struts2-core-2.2.3.jar！/struts-default.xml:29:72

struts.xml中

错误

3 个答案: