PHP + curl,HTTP POST示例代码?

时间:2010-01-26 09:39:36

标签: php http curl http-post

有人能告诉我如何使用HTTP POST进行php curl吗?

我想发送这样的数据:

username=user1, password=passuser1, gender=1

www.domain.com

我希望curl会返回result=OK之类的回复。有没有例子?

13 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:718)

<?php
//
// A very simple PHP example that sends a HTTP POST to a remote site
//

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,"http://www.example.com/tester.phtml");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,
            "postvar1=value1&postvar2=value2&postvar3=value3");

// In real life you should use something like:
// curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, 
//          http_build_query(array('postvar1' => 'value1')));

// Receive server response ...
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

$server_output = curl_exec($ch);

curl_close ($ch);

// Further processing ...
if ($server_output == "OK") { ... } else { ... }
?>

答案 1 :(得分:215)

程序

// set post fields
$post = [
    'username' => 'user1',
    'password' => 'passuser1',
    'gender'   => 1,
];

$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);

// execute!
$response = curl_exec($ch);

// close the connection, release resources used
curl_close($ch);

// do anything you want with your response
var_dump($response);

面向对象

<?php

// mutatis mutandis
namespace MyApp\Http;

class CurlPost
{
    private $url;
    private $options;

    /**
     * @param string $url     Request URL
     * @param array  $options cURL options
     */
    public function __construct($url, array $options = [])
    {
        $this->url = $url;
        $this->options = $options;
    }

    /**
     * Get the response
     * @return string
     * @throws \RuntimeException On cURL error
     */
    public function __invoke(array $post)
    {
        $ch = curl_init($this->url);

        foreach ($this->options as $key => $val) {
            curl_setopt($ch, $key, $val);
        }

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);

        $response = curl_exec($ch);
        $error    = curl_error($ch);
        $errno    = curl_errno($ch);

        if (is_resource($ch)) {
            curl_close($ch);
        }

        if (0 !== $errno) {
            throw new \RuntimeException($error, $errno);
        }

        return $response;
    }
}

用法

// create curl object
$curl = new \MyApp\Http\CurlPost('http://www.example.com');

try {
    // execute the request
    echo $curl([
        'username' => 'user1',
        'password' => 'passuser1',
        'gender'   => 1,
    ]);
} catch (\RuntimeException $ex) {
    // catch errors
    die(sprintf('Http error %s with code %d', $ex->getMessage(), $ex->getCode()));
}

请注意:最好创建一种名为AdapterInterface的接口,例如使用getResponse()方法,让上面的类实现它。然后,您可以随时将此实现与您喜欢的其他适配器交换,而不会对您的应用程序产生任何副作用。

使用HTTPS /加密流量

在Windows操作系统下,PHP中的cURL通常存在问题。在尝试连接到受https保护的端点时,您会收到错误消息,告诉您certificate verify failed

大多数人在这里做的是告诉cURL库简单地忽略证书错误并继续(curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);)。由于这将使您的代码工作,您会引入巨大的安全漏洞并使恶意用户能够对您的应用程序执行各种攻击,例如Man In The Middle攻击等。

永远不要这样做。相反,您只需要修改php.ini并告诉PHP CA Certificate文件在哪里让它正确验证证书:

; modify the absolute path to the cacert.pem file
curl.cainfo=c:\php\cacert.pem

最新的cacert.pem可以从互联网或extracted from your favorite browser下载。更改任何php.ini相关设置时,请记住重新启动您的网络服务器。

答案 2 :(得分:27)

使用php curl_exec执行HTTP帖子的实例:

将它放在名为foobar.php的文件中:

<?php
  $ch = curl_init();
  $skipper = "luxury assault recreational vehicle";
  $fields = array( 'penguins'=>$skipper, 'bestpony'=>'rainbowdash');
  $postvars = '';
  foreach($fields as $key=>$value) {
    $postvars .= $key . "=" . $value . "&";
  }
  $url = "http://www.google.com";
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url);
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POST, 1);                //0 for a get request
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$postvars);
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT ,3);
  curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 20);
  $response = curl_exec($ch);
  print "curl response is:" . $response;
  curl_close ($ch);
?>

然后使用命令php foobar.php运行它,它将这种输出转储到屏幕:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Title</title>

<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
<body>
  A mountain of content...
</body>
</html>

所以你向www.google.com做了一个PHP POST并发送了一些数据。

如果服务器被编程为读取后变量,它可以决定根据它做一些不同的事情。

答案 3 :(得分:20)

可以通过以下方式轻松达到:

<?php

$post = [
    'username' => 'user1',
    'password' => 'passuser1',
    'gender'   => 1,
];
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://www.domain.com');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($post));
$response = curl_exec($ch);
var_export($response);

答案 4 :(得分:8)

卷曲帖子+错误处理+设置标题[感谢@ mantas-d]:

function curlPost($url, $data=NULL, $headers = NULL) {
    $ch = curl_init($url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

    if(!empty($data)){
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    }

    if (!empty($headers)) {
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    }

    $response = curl_exec($ch);

    if (curl_error($ch)) {
        trigger_error('Curl Error:' . curl_error($ch));
    }

    curl_close($ch);
    return $response;
}


curlPost('google.com', [
    'username' => 'admin',
    'password' => '12345',
]);

答案 5 :(得分:6)

如果表单使用重定向,身份验证,Cookie,SSL(https)或除了完全打开的脚本以外的任何其他期望POST变量,那么您将很快开始咬牙切齿。看一下Snoopy,它可以完全解决您的问题,同时无需设置大量开销。

答案 6 :(得分:6)

curlPost('google.com', [
    'username' => 'admin',
    'password' => '12345',
]);


function curlPost($url, $data) {
    $ch = curl_init($url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
    $response = curl_exec($ch);
    $error = curl_error($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
    if ($error !== '') {
        throw new \Exception($error);
    }

    return $response;
}

答案 7 :(得分:6)

1.循序渐进

  • 初始化 cURL 会话:
$url = "www.domain.com";
$ch = curl_init($url);
  • 如果您的请求包含不记名令牌等标头或定义 JSON 内容,您必须将 HTTPHEADER 选项设置为 cURL:
$token = "generated token code";
curl_setopt(
    $ch, 
    CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, 
    array(
        'Content-Type: application/json', // for define content type that is json
        'bearer: '.$token, // send token in header request
        'Content-length: 100' // content length for example 100 characters (can add by strlen($fields))
    )
);
  • 如果您想在输出中包含标题,请将 CURLOPT_HEADER 设置为 true
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
  • RETURNTRANSFER 选项设置为 true 以将传输作为字符串返回而不是直接输出:
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
  • 要检查 SSL 对等证书中是否存在通用名称可以设置为 0(to not check the names)1(not supported in cURL 7.28.1)2(default value and for production mode)
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
  • 用于通过 cURL 将字段作为数组发布:
$fields = array(
    "username" => "user1",
    "password" => "passuser1",
    "gender" => 1
);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields);
  • 执行cURL并返回字符串。根据您的资源,这会返回类似 result=OK:
  • 的输出
$result = curl_exec($ch);
  • 关闭 cURL 资源,并释放系统资源:
curl_close($ch);

2.作为类使用

  • 可以扩展的整个 call_cURL 类:
class class_name_for_call_cURL {
    protected function getUrl() {
        return "www.domain.com";
    }

    public function call_cURL() {
        $token = "generated token code";

        $fields = array(
            "username" => "user1",
            "password" => "passuser1",
            "gender" => 1
        );

        $url = $this->getUrl();
        $output = $this->_execute($fields, $url, $token);
        
        // if you want to get json data
        // $output = json_decode($output);
            
        if ($output == "OK") {
            return true;
        } else {
             return false;
        }
    }

    private function _execute($postData, $url, $token) {
        // for sending data as json type
        $fields = json_encode($postData);

        $ch = curl_init($url);
        curl_setopt(
            $ch, 
            CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, 
            array(
                'Content-Type: application/json', // if the content type is json
                'bearer: '.$token // if you need token in header
            )
        );
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields);

        $result = curl_exec($ch);
        curl_close($ch);

        return $result;
    }
}
  • 使用类并调用 cURL:
$class = new class_name_for_call_cURL();
var_dump($class->call_cURL()); // output is true/false

3.一个功能

  • 可在任何需要的地方使用的功能:
function get_cURL() {

        $url = "www.domain.com";
        $token = "generated token code";

        $postData = array(
            "username" => "user1",
            "password" => "passuser1",
            "gender" => 1
        );

        // for sending data as json type
        $fields = json_encode($postData);

        $ch = curl_init($url);
        curl_setopt(
            $ch, 
            CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, 
            array(
                'Content-Type: application/json', // if the content type is json
                'bearer: '.$token // if you need token in header
            )
        );
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields);

        $result = curl_exec($ch);
        curl_close($ch);

        return $result;
}
  • 此功能仅适用于:
var_dump(get_cURL());

答案 8 :(得分:4)

以下是PHP + curl的一些样板代码 http://www.webbotsspidersscreenscrapers.com/DSP_download.php

包含在这些库中将简化开发

<?php
# Initialization
include("LIB_http.php");
include("LIB_parse.php");
$product_array=array();
$product_count=0;

# Download the target (store) web page
$target = "http://www.tellmewhenitchanges.com/buyair";
$web_page = http_get($target, "");
    ...
?>

答案 9 :(得分:3)

更简单的答案如果您将信息传递到您自己的网站,则使用SESSION变量。开始php页面:

session_start();

如果在某些时候,您希望在PHP中生成信息并传递到会话中的下一页,而不是使用POST变量,请将其分配给SESSION变量。例如:

$_SESSION['message']='www.'.$_GET['school'].'.edu was not found.  Please try again.'

然后在下一页上,您只需引用此SESSION变量。注意:使用它之后,请确保将其销毁,因此在使用后它不会持久存在:

if (isset($_SESSION['message'])) {echo $_SESSION['message']; unset($_SESSION['message']);}

答案 10 :(得分:2)

如果您尝试使用Cookie登录网站。

此代码:

if ($server_output == "OK") { ... } else { ... }

如果您尝试登录可能无效,因为许多网站返回状态200,但帖子不成功。

检查登录帖是否成功的简便方法是检查是否再次设置了cookie。如果在输出中有Set-Cookies字符串,则表示帖子不成功并且它开始新会话。

此帖也可以成功,但状态可以重定向为200。

为了确保帖子成功,请尝试:

在帖子后跟踪位置,因此它将转到帖子重定向到的页面:

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);

然后检查请求中是否存在新的Cookie:

if (!preg_match('/^Set-Cookie:\s*([^;]*)/mi', $server_output)) 

{echo 'post successful'; }

else { echo 'not successful'; }

答案 11 :(得分:0)

发送formraw数据的示例:

$curlHandler = curl_init();

curl_setopt_array($curlHandler, [
    CURLOPT_URL => 'https://postman-echo.com/post',
    CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,

    /**
     * Specify POST method
     */
    CURLOPT_POST => true,

    /**
     * Specify array of form fields
     */
    CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => [
        'foo' => 'bar',
        'baz' => 'biz',
    ],
]);

$response = curl_exec($curlHandler);

curl_close($curlHandler);

echo($response);

答案 12 :(得分:0)

我很惊讶没有人建议 file_get_contents:

$url = "http://www.example.com";
$parameters = array('username' => 'user1', 'password' => 'passuser1', 'gender' => '1');
$options = array('http' => array(
    'method'  => 'POST',
    'content' => http_build_query($parameters)
));

$context  = stream_context_create($options);
$result = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);

很简单,很有效;我在我控制两端代码的环境中使用它。

更好的是,使用 json_decode(并设置您的代码以返回 JSON)

$result = json_decode(file_get_contents($url, false, $context), TRUE);

这种方法会在幕后调用 curl,但您不会跳过那么多圈套。

从 Stack Overflow 上其他地方的原始答案中提炼出的答案: PHP sending variables to file_get_contents()