如何在多线程环境中使构建器模式线程安全?

时间:2014-01-26 04:38:36

标签: java multithreading thread-safety builder

我正在开发一个项目,我需要在其中使用java客户端的同步和异步方法。有些客户会调用同步,有些客户会根据需要调用我的java客户端的异步方法。

以下是我的java客户端,其中包含synchronousasynchronous方法 -

public class TestingClient implements IClient {

    private ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

    // for synchronous
    @Override
    public String executeSync(ClientKey keys) {

        String response = null;
        try {

            Future<String> handle = executeAsync(keys);
            response = handle.get(keys.getTimeout(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {

        } catch (Exception e) {

        }

        return response;
    }

    // for asynchronous
    @Override
    public Future<String> executeAsync(ClientKey keys) {

        Future<String> future = null;

        try {
            ClientTask ClientTask = new ClientTask(keys, restTemplate);
            future = service.submit(ClientTask);
        } catch (Exception ex) {

        }

        return future;
    }
}

现在下面是我的ClientTask类,它实现了Callable接口,我使用ClientTask class中的DI模式传递依赖关系。在call方法中,我只是在machineIPAddress上创建一个URL基础并使用ClientKeys传递给ClientTask类,然后使用RestTemplate命中服务器并获取回复 -

class ClientTask implements Callable<String> {

    private ClientKey cKeys;
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public ClientTask(ClientKey cKeys, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
        this.cKeys = cKeys;
    }

    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception {

        // .. some code here
        String url = generateURL("machineIPAddress");           
        String response = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);

        return response;
    }

    // is this method thread safe and the way I am using `cKeys` variable here is also thread safe?
    private String generateURL(final String hostIPAdress) throws Exception {
        StringBuffer url = new StringBuffer();
        url.append("http://" + hostIPAdress + ":8087/user?user_id=" + cKeys.getUserId() + "&client_id="
            + cKeys.getClientId());

        final Map<String, String> paramMap = cKeys.getParameterMap();
        Set<Entry<String, String>> params = paramMap.entrySet();
        for (Entry<String, String> e : params) {
            url.append("&" + e.getKey());
            url.append("=" + e.getValue());
        }

        return url.toString();
    }
}

以下是使用Builder模式的ClientKey类,客户将使用该模式将输入参数传递给TestingClient -

public final class ClientKey {

    private final long userId;
    private final int clientId;
    private final long timeout;
    private final boolean testFlag;
    private final Map<String, String> parameterMap;

    private ClientKey(Builder builder) {
    this.userId = builder.userId;
    this.clientId = builder.clientId;
    this.remoteFlag = builder.remoteFlag;
    this.testFlag = builder.testFlag;
    this.parameterMap = builder.parameterMap;
    this.timeout = builder.timeout;
    }

    public static class Builder {
    protected final long userId;
    protected final int clientId;
    protected long timeout = 200L;
    protected boolean remoteFlag = false;
    protected boolean testFlag = true;
    protected Map<String, String> parameterMap;

    public Builder(long userId, int clientId) {
        this.userId = userId;
        this.clientId = clientId;
    }

    public Builder parameterMap(Map<String, String> parameterMap) {
        this.parameterMap = parameterMap;
        return this;
    }

    public Builder remoteFlag(boolean remoteFlag) {
        this.remoteFlag = remoteFlag;
        return this;
    }

    public Builder testFlag(boolean testFlag) {
        this.testFlag = testFlag;
        return this;
    }

    public Builder addTimeout(long timeout) {
        this.timeout = timeout;
        return this;
    }

    public ClientKey build() {
        return new ClientKey(this);
    }
    }

    public long getUserId() {
    return userId;
    }

    public int getClientId() {
    return clientId;
    }

    public long getTimeout() {
    return timeout;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getParameterMap() {
    return parameterMap;

    public boolean istestFlag() {
    return testFlag;
    }
}

我的上述代码线程是否安全,因为我在多线程环境中的ClientKey类中使用ClientTask变量,所以不确定如果另一个线程在创建ClientKey变量时会发生什么调用TestingClient同步方法 -

因为客户会使用以下代码打电话给我们,他们也可以从那里打电话给我们多线程应用程序 -

IClient testClient = ClientFactory.getInstance();

Map<String, String> testMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
testMap.put("hello", "world");

ClientKey keys = new ClientKey.Builder(12345L, 200).addTimeout(2000L).parameterMap(testMap).build();

String response = testClient.executeSync(keys);

所以只是试着理解我的上面的代码是否是线程安全的,因为它们可以从多个线程将多个值传递给我的TestingClient类。我感觉我的ClientKey类由于parameterMap而不是线程安全但不确定。

此外我还需要StringBufferStringBuilder会很好,因为StringBuilder比StringBuffer快,因为它不同步。

任何人都可以帮我吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

给出了参数ClientKey keys,所以我假设总是不同。

我没有看到您的代码存在任何同步问题,我将解释:

ClientTask ClientTask = new ClientTask(keys, restTemplate);
future = service.submit(ClientTask);
  • 从方法内部创建ClientTask对象,但不在线程之间共享。
  • 使用service.submit,返回Future对象
  • ClientTask对象仅在方法generateURL内读取密钥,但是,正如我之前所说,ClientKeys对象是作为参数给出的,所以你很好此对象未被共享。

总之,代码的线程安全性取决于ExecutorServiceFuture是否是线程安全的。

更新:as long as this object is not being shared

的澄清
ClientKeys keys;
add keys to @keys
.. code
executeAsync(.., keys)
... code
add keys to @keys
add keys to @keys
executeAsync(.., keys)
executeAsync(.., keys)
add keys to @keys
... code
add keys to @keys
executeAsync(.., keys)

这是(越来越少)我的意思是分享。由于调用了executeAsync(),因此在几个线程中使用keys。在这种情况下,一些线程正在读取keys,而其他线程正在读取writing数据,导致什么称为race condition

更新2:StringBuffer对象是generateURL的本地对象(也在{{1}}范围内),无需同步它。