Question

RSA公钥：

PUBKEY = 'MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBA3UAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC35eMaYoJXEoJt5HxarHkzDBEMU3qIWE0HSQ77CwP / 8UbX07W2XKwngUyY4k6Hl2M / n9TOZMZsiBzer / fqV + QNPN1m9M94eUm2gQgwkoRj5battRCaNJK / 23GGpCsTQatJN8PZBhJBb2Vlsvw5lFrSdMT1R7vaz + 2EeNR / FitFXwIDAQAB'

如何导入并使用它来加密字符串？

我尝试了以下代码，但RSA.construct（）引发了异常（TypeError：必须是long，而不是str）。

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Util import asn1
from base64 import b64decode

keyDER = b64decode(pubkey)
seq = asn1.DerSequence()
seq.decode(keyDER)
keyPub = RSA.construct((seq[0], seq[1]))
print keyPub.encrypt('mysecret', 32)

感谢。

Answer 1

我也遇到了麻烦。我得到了这样的工作：

key = RSA.generate(2048)

binPrivKey = key.exportKey('DER')
binPubKey =  key.publickey().exportKey('DER')

privKeyObj = RSA.importKey(binPrivKey)
pubKeyObj =  RSA.importKey(binPubKey)

msg = "attack at dawn"
emsg = pubKeyObj.encrypt(msg, 'x')[0]
dmsg = privKeyObj.decrypt(emsg)

assert(msg == dmsg)

如果您正在写文件，您可能会发现更容易处理十六进制字符串而不是二进制字符串。我正在使用这些辅助函数

def bin2hex(binStr):
    return binascii.hexlify(binStr)

def hex2bin(hexStr):
    return binascii.unhexlify(hexStr)

Answer 2

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5
from base64 import b64decode,b64encode

pubkey = 'MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBA3UAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC35eMaYoJXEoJt5HxarHkzDBEMU3qIWE0HSQ77CwP/8UbX07W2XKwngUyY4k6Hl2M/n9TOZMZsiBzer/fqV+QNPN1m9M94eUm2gQgwkoRj5battRCaNJK/23GGpCsTQatJN8PZBhJBb2Vlsvw5lFrSdMT1R7vaz+2EeNR/FitFXwIDAQAB'
msg = "test"
keyDER = b64decode(pubkey)
keyPub = RSA.importKey(keyDER)
cipher = Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5.new(keyPub)
cipher_text = cipher.encrypt(msg.encode())
emsg = b64encode(cipher_text)
print emsg

Answer 3

使用：

RSA.importKey(externKey)

参数externKey的

如下所示：

你不应该对externKey进行b64解码，字符串应该以“----- BEGIN PUBLIC KEY -----”和“----- END PUBLIC KEY -----”开头。

Answer 4

来自documentation

importKey(externKey, passphrase=None)
Import an RSA key (public or private half), encoded in standard form.

Answer 5

感谢@ user9527为您投票

解决了我的问题

我的环境：win10x64 python3.6.4 pycrypto2.6.1

这是我的代码，加密结束解密，密钥来自某人的博客。（如果U出现“ ValueError：不支持RSA密钥格式”，请检查密钥格式，应使用诸如“- --- BEGIN XXXX KEY -----“）

pubkey = """-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
...
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----"""

prvkey = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
...
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA

from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5

msg = "test"
print("raw msg->", msg)
keyPub = RSA.importKey(pubkey) # import the public key
cipher = Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5.new(keyPub)
#print(cipher.encrypt.__doc__)
cipher_text = cipher.encrypt(msg.encode()) # now we have the cipher
print("cipher text->", cipher_text)


keyPriv = RSA.importKey(prvkey) # import the private key
cipher = Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5.new(keyPriv)
#print(cipher.decrypt.__doc__)
decrypt_text = cipher.decrypt(cipher_text, None).decode()
print("decrypted msg->", decrypt_text)
assert msg == decrypt_text # check that
print("test passed")

输出：

raw msg-> test
cipher text-> b'\xb0]\x1f@B\x8b\xb5\xbf\x891:\t4D\x80$\xc0y\xaa\xb4\x86t/|\xeaM%\xf06\x14,\x9e?\x86R\x83\xd72\xe5\xfdsr:\x99\xe7v\xd9]&\xbc\x85\xd3\x16\x80\x19q\xe7\xb1\x89\xff/\x12\xe5\xb3\x9cu\x1f\x04x\xa5\xdfl\xcd\xae_\xba\x1b\x97\x9fa\xcf9O\xbfB\xf6\xd1N\xf5|<\xbf^\x84R\xecSo\x9a*\xf7\x8d\x8e\xbe0Q\xcd\x14\x13\xf98x\xe7\xd8x\x19\xaf\x98\xefu\xa8\xb1\xd3\xfa\xf2N\xca\xb5'
decrypted msg-> test
test passed

Answer 6

我根据以下一些答案最终使用的方法：

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5

def encrypt_data(data):
    with open("/path/to/public.pem", "rb") as k:
        key = RSA.importKey(k.read())

    cipher = Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
    return cipher.encrypt(data.encode())


def decrypt_data(data):
    with open("path/to/private.pem", "rb") as k:
        key = RSA.importKey(k.read())

    decipher = Cipher_PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
    return decipher.decrypt(data, None).decode()


message = "hello world!"
encrypted = encrypt_data(message)
decrypted = decrypt_data(message)

Answer 7

如果要使用RSA.importkey( )导入外部密钥，则有两个选择：

从文件中读取密钥：

 file = open('external.pem','r')
 external_key = file.read()
 key = RSA.import_key(external_key)

，您的外部密钥格式必须是这样的：

在Linux（我不了解Windows）中，您可以通过以下命令进行检查：

 less exteralkey.pem

如果您想将密钥硬编码到代码中，则密钥必须像这样：

 pubkey = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\n\
 MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAsDcmhF1kqsMw9HAUc231\n\
 IEr3OwVwocSM4JPUGVSTBDcM9tGoflx8UoN4M9EJrdCcVicZEt709L13jhUxo/hX\n\
 jUDqyQ6U+zyOYhoSwQpHKju2bwn6HMC8iq/ZwNqRFiqa23O2L8WSjZq4J/U1wWZ9\n\
 Zh7f0E5w8GZDkngceQI8nBWFPSAeQNAh0b4Vy1SYKapPrvUJdS9LsT3V9B2k2Nm1\n\
 4lUOtfufpWP5xjoC3MwOxgBsPJsuqpe7sZddG4YzQi3IuMAcc+C/ms9mA7OX5yxt\n\
 xgU3tAIzzBHgvwn9vANNJPzJMaOcm9kKMVJYXLHfg37IfIk1oV+/3BxMQ26ErNcC\n\
 9wIDAQAB\n\
 -----END PUBLIC KEY-----"

然后您可以导入它：

 key = RSA.importkey(pubkey)

注意：如果不将"\n"添加到RSA密钥的每一行的末尾，则RSA.importkey( )将引发错误：

不支持RSA密钥格式

注释2 ：我使用"\"表示该语句在下一行继续。

使用pycrypto，如何导入RSA公钥并使用它来加密字符串？

7 个答案: