我试图了解JaCoCo和Sonar如何使用声纳ut-ant-jacoco-runTests示例一起工作：https://github.com/SonarSource/sonar-examples/blob/master/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/build.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="UT coverage with Ant and JaCoCo running tests" default="all" basedir="." xmlns:sonar="antlib:org.sonar.ant">
<!-- ========= Define the main properties of this project ========= -->
<property name="src.dir" value="src" />
<property name="test.dir" value="test" />
<property name="lib.junit.dir" value="lib" />
<property name="build.dir" value="target" />
<property name="classes.dir" value="${build.dir}/classes" />
<property name="reports.dir" value="${build.dir}/reports" />
<property name="reports.junit.xml.dir" value="${reports.dir}/junit" />
<!-- Define the SonarQube properties -->
<property name="sonar.projectKey" value="org.codehaus.sonar:example-ut-ant-jacoco-runTests" />
<property name="sonar.projectName" value="UT coverage with Ant and JaCoCo running tests" />
<property name="sonar.projectVersion" value="1.0" />
<property name="sonar.language" value="java" />
<property name="sonar.sources" value="${src.dir}" />
<property name="sonar.tests" value="${test.dir}" />
<property name="sonar.binaries" value="${classes.dir}" />
<property name="sonar.sourceEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
<property name="sonar.junit.reportsPath" value="${reports.junit.xml.dir}" />
<!-- The following properties are required to use JaCoCo: -->
<property name="sonar.dynamicAnalysis" value="reuseReports" />
<property name="sonar.java.coveragePlugin" value="jacoco" />
<property name="sonar.jacoco.reportPath" value="target/jacoco.exec" />
<!-- Add your basic SonarQube configuration below: sonar.jdbc.url, sonar.jdbc.username, etc. properties -->
<!--
<property name="sonar.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:..." />
<property name="sonar.jdbc.username" value="..." />
<property name="sonar.jdbc.password" value="..." />
-->
<!-- ========= Define "regular" targets: clean, compile, test, ... ========= -->
<target name="clean">
<delete dir=".sonar" />
<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
<delete dir="${reports.dir}" />
</target>
<target name="init">
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${classes.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${reports.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${reports.junit.xml.dir}" />
</target>
<target name="compile" depends="init">
<javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}" classpathref="classpath" fork="true" debug="true" includeAntRuntime="false" />
<javac srcdir="${test.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}" classpathref="classpath" fork="true" debug="true" includeAntRuntime="false" />
</target>
<path id="classpath">
<fileset dir="${lib.junit.dir}" includes="*.jar"/>
</path>
<target name="test" depends="compile">
<taskdef name="junit" classname="org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTask">
<classpath>
<path refid="classpath"/>
</classpath>
</taskdef>
<!-- Import the JaCoCo Ant Task -->
<taskdef uri="antlib:org.jacoco.ant" resource="org/jacoco/ant/antlib.xml">
<!-- Update the following line, or put the "jacocoant.jar" file in your "$HOME/.ant/lib" folder -->
<classpath path="path/to/jacoco/ant/task/lib/jacocoant.jar" />
</taskdef>
<!-- Run your unit tests, adding the JaCoCo agent -->
<jacoco:coverage destfile="target/jacoco.exec" xmlns:jacoco="antlib:org.jacoco.ant">
<junit fork="yes" dir="${basedir}" failureProperty="test.failed">
<classpath location="${classes.dir}" />
<classpath refid="classpath" />
<formatter type="xml" />
<batchtest todir="${reports.junit.xml.dir}">
<fileset dir="${test.dir}">
<include name="**/*Test.java" />
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</junit>
</jacoco:coverage>
</target>
<!-- ========= Define SonarQube target ========= -->
<target name="sonar" depends="compile">
<taskdef uri="antlib:org.sonar.ant" resource="org/sonar/ant/antlib.xml">
<!-- Update the following line, or put the "sonar-ant-task-*.jar" file in your "$HOME/.ant/lib" folder -->
<classpath path="path/to/sonar/ant/task/lib/sonar-ant-task-*.jar" />
</taskdef>
<!-- Execute SonarQube -->
<sonar:sonar />
</target>
<!-- ========= The main target "all" ========= -->
<target name="all" depends="clean,compile,test,sonar" />
</project>
我在本地机器上安装声纳，默认配置。 然后我按如下方式运行示例：
$ git clone https://github.com/SonarSource/sonar-examples.git
$ cd sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests
# get the two missing libraries:
$ wget http://repository.codehaus.org/org/codehaus/sonar-plugins/sonar-ant-task/2.1/sonar-ant-task-2.1.jar
$ wget -Ojacoco-0.6.4.201312101107.zip http://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=org/jacoco/jacoco/0.6.4.201312101107/jacoco-0.6.4.201312101107.zip
$ unzip -p jacoco-0.6.4.201312101107.zip lib/jacocoant.jar >jacocoanto-0.6.4.201312101107.jar
#edit build.xml and replace:
<classpath path="path/to/jacoco/ant/task/lib/jacocoant.jar" />
<classpath path="path/to/sonar/ant/task/lib/sonar-ant-task-*.jar" />
by
<classpath path="./jacocoanto-0.6.4.201312101107.jar" />
<classpath path="./sonar-ant-task-2.1.jar" />
$ ant clean compile
# this creates:
./target/classes/One.class
./target/classes/OneTest.class
$ ant test
[jacoco:coverage] Enhancing junit with coverage
[junit] objc[50244]: Class JavaLaunchHelper is implemented in both /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_40.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/bin/java and /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_40.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/libinstrument.dylib. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.
# Why I get this warning? is there something misconfigured?
# this creates:
./target/jacoco.exec
./target/reports/junit/TEST-OneTest.xml
$ ant sonar
# this generates these two files, which are just a list of pmd rules (taken from the local sonar installation I guess). in any case, they are not a computation result.
.sonar//pmd-unit-tests.xml
.sonar//pmd.xml
# and sends the results to sonar.
with Unit tests success: 100% (1 tests), Unit Tests coverage: 60.0%
那么，JaCoCo和Sonar如何一起工作？
JaCoCo到底做了什么？
这个./target/jacoco.exec文件包含什么？
Sonar如何使用此文件，Sonar究竟做了什么？
计算的60.00％覆盖率结果在哪里？在ant test期间或ant sonar期间？
ant sonar的完整记录：
$ ant sonar
Buildfile: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/build.xml
init:
compile:
sonar:
[sonar:sonar] Apache Ant(TM) version 1.9.3 compiled on December 23 2013
[sonar:sonar] Sonar Ant Task version: 2.1
[sonar:sonar] Loaded from: file:/private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/sonar-ant-task-2.1.jar
[sonar:sonar] INFO: Default locale: "en_US", source code encoding: "UTF-8"
[sonar:sonar] INFO: Work directory: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/.sonar
[sonar:sonar] INFO: Sonar Server 4.0
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.182 INFO - Load batch settings
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.259 INFO - User cache: /Users/david/.sonar/cache
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.266 INFO - Install plugins
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.523 INFO - Install JDBC driver
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.529 WARN - H2 database should be used for evaluation purpose only
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:08.529 INFO - Create JDBC datasource for jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/sonar
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:09.365 INFO - Initializing Hibernate
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.269 INFO - Load project settings
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.293 INFO - Apply project exclusions
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.405 INFO - ------------- Scan UT coverage with Ant and JaCoCo running tests
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.408 INFO - Load module settings
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.732 INFO - Quality profile : [name=Sonar way,language=java]
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.744 INFO - Excluded tests:
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.744 INFO - **/package-info.java
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.809 INFO - Index files
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.827 INFO - 2 files indexed
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:11.836 INFO - Loading technical debt model...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:12.599 INFO - Loading technical debt model done: 763 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:12.615 INFO - Configure Maven plugins
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:12.975 INFO - Compare to previous analysis (2014-01-20)
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:12.990 INFO - Compare over 30 days (2013-12-21, analysis of 2014-01-16 12:11:07.227)
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.142 INFO - Base dir: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.142 INFO - Working dir: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/.sonar
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.143 INFO - Source dirs: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/src
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.143 INFO - Test dirs: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/test
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.143 INFO - Binary dirs: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/target/classes
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.143 INFO - Source encoding: UTF-8, default locale: en_US
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.152 INFO - Sensor JavaSourceImporter...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.171 INFO - Sensor JavaSourceImporter done: 19 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.171 INFO - Sensor JavaSquidSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.237 INFO - Java AST scan...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.242 INFO - 1 source files to be analyzed
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.347 INFO - 1/1 source files analyzed
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.348 INFO - Java AST scan done: 111 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.350 INFO - Java bytecode scan...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.374 INFO - Java bytecode scan done: 24 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.383 INFO - Package design analysis...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.394 INFO - Package design analysis done: 11 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.399 INFO - Sensor JavaSquidSensor done: 228 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.399 INFO - Sensor SurefireSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.400 INFO - parsing /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/target/reports/junit
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.464 INFO - Sensor SurefireSensor done: 65 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.464 INFO - Sensor CpdSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.464 INFO - SonarEngine is used
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.465 INFO - Cross-project analysis disabled
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.483 INFO - Sensor CpdSensor done: 19 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.483 INFO - Sensor PmdSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.484 INFO - Execute PMD 4.3...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.492 INFO - Java version: 1.5
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:13.512 INFO - PMD configuration: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/.sonar/pmd.xml
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.061 INFO - PMD configuration: /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/.sonar/pmd-unit-tests.xml
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.062 INFO - Execute PMD 4.3 done: 578 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.062 INFO - Sensor PmdSensor done: 579 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.062 INFO - Sensor InitialOpenIssuesSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.070 INFO - Sensor InitialOpenIssuesSensor done: 8 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.071 INFO - Sensor ProfileSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.175 INFO - Sensor ProfileSensor done: 104 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.175 INFO - Sensor ProfileEventsSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.194 INFO - Sensor ProfileEventsSensor done: 19 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.195 INFO - Sensor ProjectLinksSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.201 INFO - Sensor ProjectLinksSensor done: 6 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.201 INFO - Sensor VersionEventsSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.213 INFO - Sensor VersionEventsSensor done: 12 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.214 INFO - Sensor FileHashSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.215 INFO - Sensor FileHashSensor done: 1 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.215 INFO - Sensor JaCoCoSensor...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.220 INFO - Analysing /private/tmp/aa/sonar-examples/projects/code-coverage/ut/ant/ut-ant-jacoco-runTests/target/jacoco.exec
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.289 INFO - No information about coverage per test.
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.289 INFO - Sensor JaCoCoSensor done: 74 ms
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:14.794 INFO - Execute decorators...
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.196 INFO - Store results in database
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.238 INFO - ANALYSIS SUCCESSFUL, you can browse http://localhost:9000/dashboard/index/org.codehaus.sonar:example-ut-ant-jacoco-runTests
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.263 INFO - Executing post-job class org.sonar.plugins.core.issue.notification.SendIssueNotificationsPostJob
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.264 INFO - Executing post-job class org.sonar.plugins.core.batch.IndexProjectPostJob
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.284 INFO - Executing post-job class org.sonar.plugins.dbcleaner.ProjectPurgePostJob
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.295 INFO - -> Keep one snapshot per day between 2013-12-23 and 2014-01-19
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.296 INFO - -> Keep one snapshot per week between 2013-01-21 and 2013-12-23
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.297 INFO - -> Keep one snapshot per month between 2009-01-26 and 2013-01-21
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.297 INFO - -> Delete data prior to: 2009-01-26
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.299 INFO - -> Clean UT coverage with Ant and JaCoCo running tests [id=1018]
[sonar:sonar] 15:49:15.303 INFO - <- Clean snapshot 18068
答案 0 :(得分：1)
JaCoCo在<junit/>任务期间使用。执行时，JaCoCo使用覆盖信息检测测试中使用的类文件。这会生成jacaco.exec个文件。然后使用该文件生成代码覆盖率报告。
通常有一个<jacoco:report/>任务接收jacoco.exec文件并生成文本文件，HTML页面或带有覆盖信息的XML文件。这可能是Sonar用于分析的原因。
当然，如果没有看到build.xml文件的工作方式，那就很难了。