我开始使用Rspec，但是当我运行bundle exec rspec时出现错误
/spec/requests/pages_spec.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>': undefined local
variable or method `root_path' for #<Class:0x00000102e46850> (NameError)
我没有运行Spork或Guard，所以下面的问题不适用
undefined local variable or method `root_path' (Rspec Spork Guard)
我在config.include Rails.application.routes.url_helpers文件中添加了spec_helper.rb，但这没有帮助。
undefined local variable or method `root_path' Hartl's Tutorial Chapter 5.3.2
这是pages_spec.rb
require 'spec_helper'
describe "Pages" do
describe "navigation" do
def self.it_should_be_on(path_name, value=nil)
before { visit path_name }
it "should be on #{path_name}" do
page.should have_link('Home')
page.should have_link('Inventory')
page.should have_link('FAQ')
page.should have_link('About Us')
page.should have_link('Location')
page.should have_link('Contact Us')
# page.should have_link('Login')
end
end
it_should_be_on root_path
it_should_be_on faq_path
it_should_be_on about_path
it_should_be_on location_path
it_should_be_on contact_path
# it_should_be_on login_path
end
end
spec_helper.rb
# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'
# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each { |f| require f }
# Checks for pending migrations before tests are run.
# If you are not using ActiveRecord, you can remove this line.
ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending! if defined?(ActiveRecord::Migration)
RSpec.configure do |config|
# ## Mock Framework
#
# If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
#
# config.mock_with :mocha
# config.mock_with :flexmock
# config.mock_with :rr
# Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"
# If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
# examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
# instead of true.
config.use_transactional_fixtures = true
# If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred
# automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of
# rspec-rails.
config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false
# Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
# order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
# the seed, which is printed after each run.
# --seed 1234
config.order = "random"
config.include Capybara::DSL
config.include Rails.application.routes.url_helpers
end
更新 在阅读了shared_examples之后，我成功地尝试了这一点。有没有更好的方法来编写这个测试？我最终将页面分成了主页等单独的页面。
require 'spec_helper'
describe "Pages" do
subject { page }
shared_examples "navigation" do |path_name|
before { visit send( path_name) }
describe "navigation links should be on #{path_name}" do
it { should have_link('Home') }
it { should have_link('Inventory') }
it { should have_link('FAQ') }
it { should have_link('About Us') }
it { should have_link('Location') }
it { should have_link('Contact Us') }
# it { should have_link('Login') }
end
end
describe "Home Page" do
include_examples "navigation", :root_path
end
end
答案 0 :(得分：5)
在RSpec的describe块的顶层，没有任何Rails助手可用。它们仅在较低级别的区块中可用（例如let，before，it等。）
如果您希望在示例之间共享此类代码，可以使用shared_context或shared_example，如RSpec文档中所述，或者在describe级别切换到使用符号作为参数并推迟解释它们作为方法，直到你在较低级别的区块内，如the answer from @IharDrozdov。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
要保存结构 - 您可以更改以下代码：
require 'spec_helper'
describe "Pages" do
describe "navigation" do
shared_examples_for 'main page' do |path_name|
before { visit send(path_name) }
it "should be on #{path_name}" do
page.should have_link('Home')
page.should have_link('Inventory')
page.should have_link('FAQ')
page.should have_link('About Us')
page.should have_link('Location')
page.should have_link('Contact Us')
# page.should have_link('Login')
end
end
it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :root_path
it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :faq_path
it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :about_path
it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :location_path
it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :contact_path
# it_should_behave_like 'main_page', :login_path
end
end
因为“路径未在规范中的类级别定义”（c）
您不能在spec类中调用路径方法。它应该在it块中。
而你的结构并不完美。如果你想避免重复，最好把代码放在模块中然后包含它。