作为我正在研究的ASP.NET MVC项目的一部分，我将使用SQL Server 2008 Express。
我不确定如何使用版本可控制（我正在使用Mercurial）方式重新创建数据库。
理想情况下，每次在Visual Studio 2008中执行构建时都应该运行它。
编辑1：为了回答几个答案，我使用的是Visual Studio 2008专业版，我通过Dreamspark程序收到了该版本。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
查看Visual Studio Team System 2008 Database Edition GDR (Or DataDude)
这允许您存储和使用数据库模式和人工制品（表，程序，触发器......几乎所有东西）。它还允许将一个模式与另一个模式进行比较，或者与数据库实例进行比较，并生成更改/部署脚本。
也支持参考数据（尽管在产品生命的这个阶段这并不是很好）。
还有与MSBuild的集成 - 我现在在一个大项目中使用它，每次我们进行构建时，都会生成一个模式文件，然后我们用它来实际生成应用于给定数据库的脚本（使用VSDBCMD.EXE）。我们目前不会自动推出这些更改，但这样做并不太困难。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
根据您的某些项目细节，有几种方法可以实现此目的。我们有.sql文件，在执行时会重新创建数据库。这允许脚本进入源代码控制并像其他所有内容一样进行版本控制。它还允许在产品投入生产后添加更改脚本。
我们使用它来删除数据库中的所有对象：
private static void DropDatabaseObjects()
{
var dropDatabaseObjects =
@"
/* Drop all non-system stored procs */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])
WHILE @name is not null
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped Procedure: ' + @name
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
/* Drop all views */
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])
WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'DROP VIEW [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped View: ' + @name
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
/* Drop all functions */
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])
WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped Function: ' + @name
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
/* Drop all Foreign Key constraints */
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
WHILE @name is not null
BEGIN
SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
WHILE @constraint IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + RTRIM(@constraint)
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped FK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
END
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END
/* Drop all Primary Key constraints */
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
WHILE @constraint is not null
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + RTRIM(@constraint)
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped PK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
END
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END
/* Drop all tables */
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])
WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
EXEC (@SQL)
PRINT 'Dropped Table: ' + @name
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END";
using (var connection = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionStringFromHibernateConfiguration("hibernate.cfg.xml")))
using (var command = new SqlCommand(dropDatabaseObjects, connection))
{
connection.Open();
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
connection.Close();
}
}
我们使用它来重新创建我们的数据库（假设dbScriptFolder包含将创建所有表，视图，存储过程等的.sql文件）：
private static void RecreateDatabase()
{
var directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["dbScriptFolder"]);
using (var connection = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionStringFromHibernateConfiguration("hibernate.cfg.xml")))
{
connection.Open();
foreach (var fileInfo in directoryInfo.GetFiles())
{
if (fileInfo.Extension == ".sql")
{
var script = ReadFromFile(fileInfo);
var server = new Server(new ServerConnection(connection));
server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery(script);
}
}
connection.Close();
}
}
当我们运行集成测试时，这些方法在基本的testfixture方法中被调用，因此我们知道我们正在处理已知状态的数据库。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
您使用的是Visual Studio Team Suite还是Visual Studio Developer Edition？如果是这样，Visual Studio Database Edition是免费的，是管理数据库模式的绝佳方式。拥有你想要的所有功能。
兰迪