我正在使用Java Spring MVC应用程序。这是我的服务类。
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.integration.Message;
import org.springframework.integration.MessagingException;
import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.core.MessageHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class EmailService implements MessageHandler {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("receiveChannel")
private DirectChannel messageChannel;
private final Log logger = LogFactory
.getLog(EmailService.class);
public void init() {
messageChannel.subscribe(this);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message<?> message) throws MessagingException {
logger.info("Message: " + message);
}
}
我想为上面的课写一个测试用例。这就是我试过的
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
//other imports
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration("classpath:webapptest")
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:test-applicationcontext.xml"})
public class EmailServiceTest {
@Autowired
private EmailService emailService;
@Autowired
WebApplicationContext wContext;
@Test
public void testEmailService() throws Exception {
emailService=Mockito.spy(new EmailService());
Mockito.doNothing().when(emailService).init();
}
}
在我的 applicationcontext.xml 中,我指定了一个Gmail及其密码(启用了IMAP访问)
当我从其他邮件发送邮件中的邮件时,应该只记录邮件(在Service类的其他方法中实现)
当我运行测试用例时,它显示测试用例是成功的。但是,当我向该邮件ID运行任何邮件时,它不会在我的控制台中打印。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
为什么要加载上下文?如果这不是集成测试,则您不需要(请记住,单元测试需要快速,不能加载/连接到外部资源)。
无论如何,我建议您使用Mockito
来模拟DirectChannel
并验证交互。
以下是我测试init()
方法的方法:
public class EmailServiceTest {
@Mock
DirectChannel messageChannel;//you
@InjectMocks
EmailService emailService;
@Test
public void shouldSubscribeToSelf(){
//call method under test
emailService.init();
//verify behavior
Mockito.verify(messageChannel).subscribe(emailService);
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
正如@isah指出的那样,我认为你在Mock Unit测试和Spring Integration测试之间感到困惑(通常这两者是相互排斥的)。
因为@isah指出这里的模拟方式是正确的集成测试方法:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
//other imports
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration("classpath:webapptest")
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:test-applicationcontext.xml"})
public class EmailServiceTest {
@Autowired
private EmailService emailService;
@Autowired
WebApplicationContext wContext;
@Test
public void testEmailService() throws Exception {
//Spring will automatically wire in emailService.
emailService.init();
//validate initialization through whatever external way you can or just be satisified that it didn't throw an exception
}
}
但我的直觉是你的init()
方法应该标记为@PostConstruct
,在这种情况下,spring会自动为你执行此操作,因此不是一个好的测试方法(因为它将在测试时执行)启动)。