我正在使用Cloud9（我读过的目前使用的是Python 2.6，而不是Python 3）来编写Django应用程序。我正在尝试使用DictReader读取CSV文件，并使用CSV中的每一列创建模型的新实例并填充模型字段。
views.py
class GenerateFromCSV(CreateView):
model = group
template_name = "my_app/csv_generate.html"
def form_valid(self, form):
new_group = form.save()
the_csv = open(new_group.group_csv, 'rbU')
fieldnames = ['c_type', 'f_name', 'q_type', 'ans', 'n_questions', 'bucket']
data_file = csv.DictReader(the_csv, fieldnames = fieldnames, delimiter=',', dialect=csv.excel)
for row in data_file:
new_card = Card(
name = 'card',
card_type = row['c_type'],
file_name = row['f_name'],
question_type = row['q_type'],
answer = row['ans'],
num_questions = row['n_questions'],
bucket = row['bucket'],
exam = new_exam)
new_card.save()
models.py
class Group(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank = True)
subject = models.CharField(max_length=255, choices = SUBJECT, blank = True)
num_questions = models.IntegerField(default=0, blank = True, null = True)
group_csv = models.FileField(upload_to='csv', blank = True, null = True)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
class Card(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank = True)
#ordered same as column order in CSV
card_type = models.CharField(max_length=255, choices = CARDTYPE, blank = True)
file_name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank = True)
question_type = models.IntegerField(default = 0, blank = True, null = True)
answer = models.IntegerField(max_length = 1, choices = ANSWERS, blank = True, null = True)
num_questions = models.IntegerField(default = 0, blank = True, null = True)
bucket = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank = True)
exam = models.ForeignKey(Exam)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name or 'card'
使用上面的代码，当我在CSV上调用open（）时，我得到一个TypeError（强制转换为Unicode：需要字符串或缓冲区，找到FieldFile）。如果我删除对open（）的调用，我会收到错误：'在不带引号的字段中看到的新行字符 - 你需要在通用换行模式下打开文件吗？'
我的CSV格式（并非每列都包含每行中的数据）：
3,the_file_name.png,0,"00001",,Equations
这个的正确语法是什么？
修改 这是我的堆栈跟踪：
Traceback:
File "/usr/libexec/openshift/cartridges/c9-0.1/root/python2.6.6/site-packages/Django-1.5-py2.6.egg/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
115. response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/usr/libexec/openshift/cartridges/c9-0.1/root/python2.6.6/site-packages/Django-1.5-py2.6.egg/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
68. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/libexec/openshift/cartridges/c9-0.1/root/python2.6.6/site-packages/Django-1.5-py2.6.egg/django/views/generic/base.py" in dispatch
86. return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/libexec/openshift/cartridges/c9-0.1/root/python2.6.6/site-packages/Django-1.5-py2.6.egg/django/views/generic/edit.py" in post
199. return super(BaseCreateView, self).post(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/libexec/openshift/cartridges/c9-0.1/root/python2.6.6/site-packages/Django-1.5-py2.6.egg/django/views/generic/edit.py" in post
165. return self.form_valid(form)
File "/var/lib/stickshift/52a55ef4e0b8cde0ff000036/app-root/data/705411/zamrdjango/zamr/views.py" in form_valid
35. with new_exam.exam_csv.open('rbU') as the_csv:
Exception Type: AttributeError at /import/
Exception Value: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__exit__'
答案 0 :(得分：0)
查看FileField的文档，因为问题是您没有将文件名传递给文件open函数：
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.fields.files.FieldFile
您的代码可能是：
class GenerateFromCSV(CreateView):
model = group
template_name = "my_app/csv_generate.html"
def form_valid(self, form):
new_group = form.save()
with new_group.group_csv.open('rbU') as the_csv:
fieldnames = ['c_type', 'f_name', 'q_type', 'ans', 'n_questions', 'bucket']
data_file = csv.DictReader(the_csv, fieldnames = fieldnames, delimiter=',', dialect=csv.excel)
for row in data_file:
new_card = Card(
name = 'item',
card_type = row['c_type'],
file_name = row['f_name'],
question_type = row['q_type'],
answer = row['ans'],
num_questions = row['n_questions'],
bucket = row['bucket'],
exam = new_exam)
new_card.save()
答案 1 :(得分：0)
好吧，我最后通过在csv上调用.read()然后调用.splitlines()来获取每行的行和列来修复它。这是我的新views.py：
def form_valid(self, form):
new_group = form.save()
print(new_exam.exam_csv.name)
data = new_group.group_csv.read()
rows = data.splitlines()
for row in rows:
columns = row.split(',')
print(columns)
new_card = Card(
name = columns[0],
card_type = columns[0],
file_name = columns[1],
question_type = int(columns[2]),
answer = columns[3].replace('"', '').strip(),
num_questions = columns[4],
bucket = columns[5],
group = new_group)
print(new_card.name)
new_card.save()
我确定这不是正确的语法或约定，还有一些事情需要弄清楚（比如列名）但是现在它正确地将所有信息解析为正确的模型字段。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我做了这样的事情
{# csv-import.html %}
<form action="/csv-import" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{% csrf_token %}
<input type="file" required name="csvfile" id="id_csvfile" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
# views.py
@login_required
def CSVImport(request):
if request.method == "GET":
logger.info(f"Get /csv-import")
elif request.method == "POST":
logger.info(f"POST /csv-import")
csv_len = 0
try:
csv_file = request.FILES["csvfile"]
if not csv_file.name.endswith('.csv'):
messages.error(request,'File is not CSV type')
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("myapp:upload_csv"))
#if file is too large, return
if csv_file.multiple_chunks():
messages.error(request, "Uploaded file is too big (%.2f MB)." % (csv_file.size/(1000*1000),))
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("myapp:upload_csv"))
file_data = csv.DictReader(csv_file.read().decode('utf-8').splitlines())
for row in file_data:
print('row', row)
csv_len += 1
except Exception as e:
logging.getLogger("error_logger").error("Unable to upload file. "+repr(e))
messages.error(request,"Unable to upload file. "+repr(e))
messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, f"Updated {csv_len} meetings.")
return render(request, "csv-import.html")