Question

我想解析网页http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/以获取今天的午餐菜单。（我已经建立了一个Adafruit #IoT热敏打印机，我想每天自动打印菜单。）

我最初使用BeautifulSoup来解决这个问题，但事实证明大部分数据都是用JavaScript加载的，我不确定BeautifulSoup是否可以处理它。如果您查看来源，您会看到bootstrapData['menuMonthWeeks']中存储的相关数据。

import urllib2
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup

url = "http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/"
soup = BeautifulSoup(urllib2.urlopen(url).read())

这是获取来源和审核的简便方法。

我的问题是：提取这些数据的最简单方法是什么，以便我可以用它做点什么？从字面上看，我想要的只是一个字符串：

西南芝士煎蛋卷，马铃薯楔，收获吧（THB），THB - 芝士香蒜酱面包，火腿熟食三明治，红辣椒棒，草莓

我考虑过使用webkit来处理页面并获取HTML（即浏览器的功能），但这似乎不必要地复杂。我宁愿找到一些可以解析bootstrapData['menuMonthWeeks']数据的东西。

Answer 1

像PhantomJS这样的东西可能更强大，但是这里有一些基本的Python代码可以提取完整的菜单：

import json
import re
import urllib2

text = urllib2.urlopen('http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/').read()
menu = json.loads(re.search(r"bootstrapData\['menuMonthWeeks'\]\s*=\s*(.*);", text).group(1))

print menu

之后，您需要在菜单中搜索您感兴趣的日期。

编辑：我本人有些过分：

import itertools
import json
import re
import urllib2

text = urllib2.urlopen('http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/').read()
menus = json.loads(re.search(r"bootstrapData\['menuMonthWeeks'\]\s*=\s*(.*);", text).group(1))

days = itertools.chain.from_iterable(menu['days'] for menu in menus)

day = next(itertools.dropwhile(lambda day: day['date'] != '2014-01-13', days), None)

if day:
    print '\n'.join(item['food']['description'] for item in day['menu_items'])
else:
    print 'Day not found.'

Answer 2

你需要的只是一个小字符串切片：

import json

soup = BeautifulSoup(urllib2.urlopen(url).read())
script = soup.findAll('script')[1].string
data = script.split("bootstrapData['menuMonthWeeks'] = ", 1)[-1].rsplit(';', 1)[0]
data = json.loads(data)

毕竟，JSON是JavaScript的一个子集。

Answer 3

没有BeautifulSoup，我们可以采用一种简单的方法：

import urllib2
import json
url = "http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/"
for line in urllib2.urlopen(url):
    if "bootstrapData['menuMonthWeeks']" in line:
        data = json.loads(line.split("=")[1].strip('\n;'))
        print data[0]["last_updated"]

输出：

2013-11-11T11:18:13.636

有关更通用的方式，请参阅JavaScript parser in Python

Answer 4

我意识到这是大约四年之后，但是nutrislice（至少现在）有一个api你可以直接获得JSON。几天前你孩子的午餐：http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/api/digest/school/meadow-view/menu-type/lunch/date/2018/03/14/

Answer 5

如果您不喜欢json，不建议使用，请尝试以下方法：

import urllib2
import re

url = "http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/"
data = urllib2.urlopen(url).readlines()[60].partition('=')[2].strip()

foodlist = []

prev = 'name'
for i in re.findall('"([^"]*)"', data):
    if "The Harvest Bar (THB)" in i or i == "description" or i == "start_date":
        prev = i
        continue
    if prev == 'name':
        if i.startswith("THB - "):
            i = i[6:]
        foodlist.append(i)
    prev = i

我想这是你最终需要的：

Orange Chicken Bowl
Roasted Veggie Pesto Pizza
Cheese Sandwich & Yogurt Tube
Steamed Peas
Peaches
Southwest Cheese Omelet
Potato Wedges
Cheesy Pesto Bread
Ham Deli Sandwich
Red Pepper Sticks
Strawberries
Hamburger
Cheeseburger
Potato Wedges
Chicken Minestrone Soup
Veggie Deli Sandwich
Baked Beans
Green Beans
Fruit Cocktail
Cheese Pizza
Pepperoni Pizza
Diced Chicken w/ Cornbread
Turkey Deli Sandwich
Celery Sticks
Blueberries
Cowboy Mac
BYO Asian Salad
Sunbutter Sandwich
Stir Fry Vegetables
Pineapple Tidbits
Enchilada Blanco
Sausage & Black Olive Pizza
Cheese Sandwich & Yogurt Tube
Southwest Black Beans
Red Pepper Sticks
Applesauce
BBQ Roasted Chicken.
Hummus Cup w/  Pita bread
Ham Deli Sandwich
Mashed potatoes w/ gravy
Celery Sticks
Kiwi
Popcorn Chicken Bowl
Tuna Salad w/  Pita Bread
Veggie Deli Sandwich
Corn Niblets
Blueberries
Cheese Pizza
Pepperoni Pizza
BYO Chef Salad
BYO Vegetarian Chef Salad
Turkey Deli Sandwich
Steamed Cauliflower
Banana, Whole
Bosco Sticks
Chicken Egg Roll & Chow Mein Noodles
Sunbutter Sandwich
California Blend Vegetables
Fresh Pears
Baked Mac & Cheese
Italian Dunker
Ham Deli Sandwich
Red Pepper Sticks
Pineapple Tidbits
Hamburger
Cheeseburger
Baked Fries
BYO Taco Salad
Veggie Deli Sandwich
Baked Beans
Coleslaw
Fresh Grapes
Cheese Pizza
Pepperoni Pizza
Diced Chicken w/ Cornbread
Turkey Deli Sandwich
Steamed Cauliflower
Fruit Cocktail
French Dip w/ Au Jus
Baked Fries
Turkey Noodle Soup
Sunbutter Sandwich
Green Beans
Warm Cinnamon Apples
Rotisserie Chicken
Mashed potatoes w/ gravy
Bacon Cheeseburger Pizza
Cheese Sandwich & Yogurt Tube
Steamed Peas
Apple Wedges
Turkey Chili 
Cornbread Muffins
BYO Chef Salad
BYO Vegetarian Chef Salad
Ham Deli Sandwich
Celery Sticks
Fresh Pears
Beef, Bean & Red Chili Burrito
Popcorn Chicken & Breadstick
Veggie Deli Sandwich
California Blend Vegetables
Strawberries
Cheese Pizza
Pepperoni Pizza
Hummus Cup w/  Pita bread
Turkey Deli Sandwich
Green Beans
Orange Wedges
Bosco Sticks
Cheesy Bean Soft Taco Roll Up
Sunbutter Sandwich
Pinto Bean Cup
Baby Carrots
Blueberries

使用json：

import urllib2
import json
url = "http://dcsd.nutrislice.com/menu/meadow-view/lunch/"
for line in urllib2.urlopen(url):
    if "bootstrapData['menuMonthWeeks']" in line:
        data = json.loads(line.split("=")[1].strip('\n;'))
        print data[0]["name"]
    break

解析从BeautifulSoup返回的JavaScript

5 个答案: