我的解决方案（使用openssl和sed）：

Question

我发现最接近的答案是使用“grep”。

> openssl x509 -text -noout -in cert.pem | grep DNS

有更好的方法吗？我只喜欢命令行。

感谢。

Answer 1

请注意，您可以通过添加以下选项将-text的输出限制为仅扩展名：

-certopt no_subject,no_header,no_version,no_serial,no_signame,no_validity,no_issuer,no_pubkey,no_sigdump,no_aux

即：

openssl x509 -text -noout -in cert.pem \
  -certopt no_subject,no_header,no_version,no_serial,no_signame,no_validity,no_issuer,no_pubkey,no_sigdump,no_aux

但是，您仍然需要应用一些文本解析逻辑才能获得Subject Alternative Name。

如果这还不够，我认为您需要编写一个使用openssl库来提取您正在寻找的特定字段的小程序。以下是一些示例程序，用于说明如何解析证书，包括提取Subject Alternative Name等扩展字段：

https://zakird.com/2013/10/13/certificate-parsing-with-openssl

请注意，如果您继续编程路线，则不必使用openssl和C ...您可以选择自己喜欢的语言和ASN.1解析器库，然后使用它。例如，在Java中，您可以使用http://jac-asn1.sourceforge.net/和许多其他人。

Answer 2

取自https://stackoverflow.com/a/13128918/1695680

$ true | openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 | openssl x509 -noout -text | grep DNS:

实施例

$ true | openssl s_client -connect localhost:8443 | openssl x509 -noout -text | grep DNS:
depth=2 C = US, ST = NC, L = SomeCity, O = SomeCompany Security, OU = SomeOU, CN = SomeCN
verify error:num=19:self signed certificate in certificate chain
DONE
                DNS:localhost, DNS:127.0.0.1, DNS:servername1.somedom.com, DNS:servername2.somedom.local

Answer 3

我的解决方案（使用openssl和sed）：

首先

bash

sed -ne '
    s/^\( *\)Subject:/\1/p;
    /X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/{
        N;
        s/^.*\n//;
      :a;
        s/^\( *\)\(.*\), /\1\2\n\1/;
        ta;
        p;
        q;
    }' < <(openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text)

可写：

sed -ne 's/^\( *\)Subject:/\1/p;/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/{
    N;s/^.*\n//;:a;s/^\( *\)\(.*\), /\1\2\n\1/;ta;p;q; }' < <(
    openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text )

可以渲染类似：

         CN=www.example.com
                DNS:il0001.sample.com
                DNS:example.com
                DNS:demodomain.com
                DNS:testsite.com
                DNS:www.il0001.sample.com
                DNS:www.il0001.sample.com.vsite.il0001.sample.com
                DNS:www.example.com
                DNS:www.example.com.vsite.il0001.sample.com
                DNS:www.demodomain.com
                DNS:www.demodomain.com.vsite.il0001.sample.com
                DNS:www.testsite.com
                DNS:www.testsite.com.vsite.il0001.sample.com

与实时服务器相同

sed -ne 's/^\( *\)Subject:/\1/p;/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/{
    N;s/^.*\n//;:a;s/^\( *\)\(.*\), /\1\2\n\1/;ta;p;q; }' < <(
    openssl x509 -noout -text -in <(
        openssl s_client -ign_eof 2>/dev/null <<<$'HEAD / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r' \
            -connect google.com:443 ) )

可能输出：

         C=US, ST=California, L=Mountain View, O=Google Inc, CN=*.google.com
                DNS:*.google.com
                DNS:*.android.com
                DNS:*.appengine.google.com
                DNS:*.cloud.google.com
                DNS:*.gcp.gvt2.com
                DNS:*.google-analytics.com
                DNS:*.google.ca
                DNS:*.google.cl
                DNS:*.google.co.in
                DNS:*.google.co.jp
                DNS:*.google.co.uk
                DNS:*.google.com.ar
                DNS:*.google.com.au
                DNS:*.google.com.br
                DNS:*.google.com.co
                DNS:*.google.com.mx
                DNS:*.google.com.tr
                DNS:*.google.com.vn
                DNS:*.google.de
                DNS:*.google.es
                DNS:*.google.fr
                DNS:*.google.hu
                DNS:*.google.it
                DNS:*.google.nl
                DNS:*.google.pl
                DNS:*.google.pt
                DNS:*.googleadapis.com
                DNS:*.googleapis.cn
                DNS:*.googlecommerce.com
                DNS:*.googlevideo.com
                DNS:*.gstatic.cn
                DNS:*.gstatic.com
                DNS:*.gvt1.com
                DNS:*.gvt2.com
                DNS:*.metric.gstatic.com
                DNS:*.urchin.com
                DNS:*.url.google.com
                DNS:*.youtube-nocookie.com
                DNS:*.youtube.com
                DNS:*.youtubeeducation.com
                DNS:*.ytimg.com
                DNS:android.clients.google.com
                DNS:android.com
                DNS:developer.android.google.cn
                DNS:g.co
                DNS:goo.gl
                DNS:google-analytics.com
                DNS:google.com
                DNS:googlecommerce.com
                DNS:urchin.com
                DNS:www.goo.gl
                DNS:youtu.be
                DNS:youtube.com
                DNS:youtubeeducation.com

POSIX shell现在

由于< <(...)是 bashism ，必须编写相同的命令：

openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text | sed -ne '
  s/^\( *\)Subject:/\1/p;
  /X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/{
      N;
      s/^.*\n//;
    :a;
      s/^\( *\)\(.*\), /\1\2\n\1/;
      ta;
      p;
      q;
  }'

和

printf 'HEAD / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n' |
    openssl s_client -ign_eof 2>/dev/null -connect google.com:443 |
    openssl x509 -noout -text |
    sed -ne 's/^\( *\)Subject:/\1/p;/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/{
        N;s/^.*\n//;:a;s/^\( *\)\(.*\), /\1\2\n\1/;ta;p;q; }'

Answer 4

使用grep

的非常简单的解决方案

openssl x509 -in /path/to/x509/cert -noout -text|grep -oP '(?<=DNS:|IP Address:)[^,]+'|sort -uV

对于Google证书，此输出：

android.clients.google.com
android.com
developer.android.google.cn
g.co
goo.gl
google.com
googlecommerce.com
google-analytics.com
hin.com
urchin.com
www.goo.gl
youtu.be
youtube.com
youtubeeducation.com
*.android.com
*.appengine.google.com
*.cloud.google.com
*.gcp.gvt2.com
*.googleadapis.com
*.googleapis.cn
*.googlecommerce.com
*.googlevideo.com
*.google.ca
*.google.cl
*.google.com
*.google.com.ar
*.google.com.au
*.google.com.br
*.google.com.co
*.google.com.mx
*.google.com.tr
*.google.com.vn
*.google.co.in
*.google.co.jp
*.google.co.uk
*.google.de
*.google.es
*.google.fr
*.google.hu
*.google.it
*.google.nl
*.google.pl
*.google.pt
*.gstatic.cn
*.gstatic.com
*.gvt1.com
*.gvt2.com
*.metric.gstatic.com
*.urchin.com
*.url.google.com
*.youtubeeducation.com
*.youtube.com
*.ytimg.com
*.google-analytics.com
*.youtube-nocookie.com

Answer 5

您可以使用awk更接近SAN，将上述选项引入awk语句：

openssl x509 -in mycertfile.crt -text -noout \
  -certopt no_subject,no_header,no_version,no_serial,no_signame,no_validity,no_subject,no_issuer,no_pubkey,no_sigdump,no_aux \
 | awk '/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name/','/X509v3 Basic Constraints/'

Answer 6

较新版本的openssl具有“ -ext”选项，该选项仅允许您打印subjectAltName记录。在Debian 9.9上使用'OpenSSL 1.1.1b'

openssl x509 -noout -ext subjectAltName -in cert.pem

尽管您仍然需要解析输出。

更改是在https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues/3932

中进行的

Answer 7

如何显示证书的主题备用名称？

X509证书中可能有多个SAN。以下内容来自SSL/TLS Client的OpenSSL wiki。它遍历名称并打印出来。

您从TLS连接X509*中获取SSL_get_peer_certificate，从内存中获取d2i_X509，或从文件系统获得PEM_read_bio_X509。

void print_san_name(const char* label, X509* const cert)
{
    int success = 0;
    GENERAL_NAMES* names = NULL;
    unsigned char* utf8 = NULL;

    do
    {
        if(!cert) break; /* failed */

        names = X509_get_ext_d2i(cert, NID_subject_alt_name, 0, 0 );
        if(!names) break;

        int i = 0, count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(names);
        if(!count) break; /* failed */

        for( i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        {
            GENERAL_NAME* entry = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(names, i);
            if(!entry) continue;

            if(GEN_DNS == entry->type)
            {
                int len1 = 0, len2 = -1;

                len1 = ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&utf8, entry->d.dNSName);
                if(utf8) {
                    len2 = (int)strlen((const char*)utf8);
                }

                if(len1 != len2) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "  Strlen and ASN1_STRING size do not match (embedded null?): %d vs %d\n", len2, len1);
                }

                /* If there's a problem with string lengths, then     */
                /* we skip the candidate and move on to the next.     */
                /* Another policy would be to fails since it probably */
                /* indicates the client is under attack.              */
                if(utf8 && len1 && len2 && (len1 == len2)) {
                    fprintf(stdout, "  %s: %s\n", label, utf8);
                    success = 1;
                }

                if(utf8) {
                    OPENSSL_free(utf8), utf8 = NULL;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "  Unknown GENERAL_NAME type: %d\n", entry->type);
            }
        }

    } while (0);

    if(names)
        GENERAL_NAMES_free(names);

    if(utf8)
        OPENSSL_free(utf8);

    if(!success)
        fprintf(stdout, "  %s: <not available>\n", label);

}

Answer 8

基于awk的改进解决方案（提示：@RandomW）：

openssl x509 -in certfile -text -noout \
  -certopt no_header,no_version,no_serial,no_signame,no_validity,no_issuer,no_pubkey,no_sigdump,no_aux \
| awk '/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:/ {san=1;next} 
      san && /^ *X509v3/ {exit} 
      san { sub(/DNS:/,"",$1);print $1}'

这将打印出一个列表，这里也可以找到grep和sed解决方案。不同之处在于，可以更严格地控制找到信息的位置。如果输出格式发生更改，此版本将更强大，并且可以更好地处理更改。仅打印“主题备用名称”和下一个“ X509v3”部分之间的文本，并去除前面的所有可选“ DNS：”文本。

android.clients.google.com
android.com
developer.android.google.cn
g.co
goo.gl
...

Answer 9

添加python替代品。前提条件是您必须具有一个带有“ DNS：”记录的字符串。

获取证书详细信息（子进程，OpenSSL模块等） dnsstring包含“ openssl”输出的“ DNS：”行。如何从文本输出中获取DNS名称字符串的示例的证书。

for idx, line in enumerate(certoutput.split()):
    if ' X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:' in line:
        dnsstring = certoutput.split()[idx + 1]

# Get a list
[x.replace('DNS:', '').replace(',', '') for x in dnsstring]

# Format to a comma separated string
', '.join([x.replace('DNS:', '').replace(',', '') for x in dnsstring])

一个命令行示例：

true | \
  openssl s_client -showcerts -connect google.com:443 2>/dev/null | \
  openssl x509 -noout -text 2>/dev/null | grep " DNS:" | \
  python -c"import sys; print ', '.join([x.replace('DNS:', '').replace(',', '') for x in sys.stdin.readlines()[0].split()])"

输出：

*.google.com, *.android.com, <etc>

Answer 10

也许这足够了：

openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text -certopt ca_default,no_sigdump

Answer 11

这是我们可以通过awk执行此操作的方法。

'/Subject: C=/{printf $NF"\n"}匹配具有模式/Subject: C=的任何行，而{printf $NF"\n"}仅用换行符打印最后一个字段。

/DNS:/{x=gsub(/ *DNS:/, ""); printf "SANS=" $0"\n"}将行与模式DNS:匹配。 gsub用于在每个fqdn之前替换不需要的DNS:。 printf "SANS="$0"\n"用换行符打印整行。

➤ echo | openssl s_client -connect google.com:443 2>&1 | openssl x509 -noout -text |  awk '/Subject: C=/{printf $NF"\n"} /DNS:/{x=gsub(/ *DNS:/, ""); printf "SANS=" $0"\n"}'
CN=*.google.com
SANS=*.google.com,*.android.com,*.appengine.google.com,*.cloud.google.com,*.crowdsource.google.com,*.g.co,*.gcp.gvt2.com,*.gcpcdn.gvt1.com,*.ggpht.cn,*.gkecnapps.cn,*.google-analytics.com,*.google.ca,*.google.cl,*.google.co.in,*.google.co.jp,*.google.co.uk,*.google.com.ar,*.google.com.au,*.google.com.br,*.google.com.co,*.google.com.mx,*.google.com.tr,*.google.com.vn,*.google.de,*.google.es,*.google.fr,*.google.hu,*.google.it,*.google.nl,*.google.pl,*.google.pt,*.googleadapis.com,*.googleapis.cn,*.googlecnapps.cn,*.googlecommerce.com,*.googlevideo.com,*.gstatic.cn,*.gstatic.com,*.gstaticcnapps.cn,*.gvt1.com,*.gvt2.com,*.metric.gstatic.com,*.urchin.com,*.url.google.com,*.wear.gkecnapps.cn,*.youtube-nocookie.com,*.youtube.com,*.youtubeeducation.com,*.youtubekids.com,*.yt.be,*.ytimg.com,android.clients.google.com,android.com,developer.android.google.cn,developers.android.google.cn,g.co,ggpht.cn,gkecnapps.cn,goo.gl,google-analytics.com,google.com,googlecnapps.cn,googlecommerce.com,source.android.google.cn,urchin.com,www.goo.gl,youtu.be,youtube.com,youtubeeducation.com,youtubekids.com,yt.be

➤

如何显示证书的主题备用名称？

11 个答案:

实施例

我的解决方案（使用openssl和sed）：

bash

与实时服务器相同

POSIX shell现在