我正在研究数据流,包括Pig中的一些聚合步骤以及将步骤存储到Cassandra中。我已经能够传递相对简单的数据类型,如整数,长或日期,但无法找到如何使用CqlStorage从Pig传递某种列表,集或元组。
我使用Pig 0.9.2,所以我不能使用FLATTEN方法。
如何填充带有复杂数据类型的Cassandra表,例如Pig 0.9.2中的集合或列表?
我根据描述创建了相应的Cassandra表:
CREATE TABLE mycassandracf (
my_id int,
date timestamp,
my_count bigint,
grouped_ids list<bigint>,
PRIMARY KEY (my_id, date));
以及带有预备声明的STORE指令:
STORE CassandraAggregate
INTO 'cql://test/mycassandracf?output_query=UPDATE+test.mycassandracf+set+my_count+%3D+%3F%2C+grouped_ids+%3D+%3F'
USING CqlStorage;
从'GROUP BY'关系,我'以cql友好格式生成'关系(例如在元组中),我想存储到Cassandra。
CassandraAggregate = FOREACH GroupedRelation
GENERATE TOTUPLE(TOTUPLE('my_id', $0.my_id),
TOTUPLE('date', ISOToUnix($0.createdAt))),
TOTUPLE(COUNT($1), $1.grouped_id);
DUMP CassandraAggregate;
(((my_id,30021),(date,1357084800000)),(2,{(60128490006325819),(62726281032786005)}))
(((my_id,30165),(date,1357084800000)),(1,{(60128411174143024)}))
(((my_id,30376),(date,1357084800000)),(4,{(60128411146211875),(63645100121476995),(60128411146211875),(63645100121476995)}))
不出所料,在这种关系上使用STORE指令会引发异常:
java.lang.ClassCastException:org.apache.pig.data.DefaultDataBag无法强制转换为org.apache.pig.data.DataByteArray
因此,我添加了一个用python编写的UDF,以在groups_id包上应用一些展平:
@outputSchema("flat_bag:bag{}")
def flattenBag(bag):
return tuple([long(item) for tup in bag for item in tup])
我使用元组,因为使用python集以及python列表最终会导致出现错误。
将它添加到我的管道中,我有:
CassandraAggregate = FOREACH GroupedRelation
GENERATE TOTUPLE(TOTUPLE('my_id', $0.my_id),
TOTUPLE('date', ISOToUnix($0.createdAt))),
TOTUPLE(COUNT($1), py_f.flattenBag($1.grouped_id));
DUMP CassandraAggregate;
(((my_id,30021),(date,1357084800000)),(2,(60128490006325819,62726281032786005)))
(((my_id,31120),(date,1357084800000)),(1,(60128411174143024)))
(((my_id,31120),(date,1357084800000)),(1,(60128411146211875,63645100121476995,6012841114621187563645100121476995)))
在最后一个关系上使用STORE指令会引发错误堆栈异常:
java.io.IOException: java.io.IOException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.PigGenericMapReduce$Reduce.runPipeline(PigGenericMapReduce.java:465)
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.PigGenericMapReduce$Reduce.processOnePackageOutput(PigGenericMapReduce.java:428)
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.PigGenericMapReduce$Reduce.reduce(PigGenericMapReduce.java:408)
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.PigGenericMapReduce$Reduce.reduce(PigGenericMapReduce.java:262)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer.run(Reducer.java:176)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask.runNewReducer(ReduceTask.java:652)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask.run(ReduceTask.java:420)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child$4.run(Child.java:266)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1121)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child.main(Child.java:260)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException
at org.apache.cassandra.hadoop.cql3.CqlRecordWriter$RangeClient.run(CqlRecordWriter.java:248)
Caused by: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TIOStreamTransport.read(TIOStreamTransport.java:132)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport.readAll(TTransport.java:84)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport.readFrame(TFramedTransport.java:129)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport.read(TFramedTransport.java:101)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport.readAll(TTransport.java:84)
at org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol.readAll(TBinaryProtocol.java:378)
at org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol.readI32(TBinaryProtocol.java:297)
at org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol.readMessageBegin(TBinaryProtocol.java:204)
at org.apache.thrift.TServiceClient.receiveBase(TServiceClient.java:69)
at org.apache.cassandra.thrift.Cassandra$Client.recv_execute_prepared_cql3_query(Cassandra.java:1724)
at org.apache.cassandra.thrift.Cassandra$Client.execute_prepared_cql3_query(Cassandra.java:1709)
at org.apache.cassandra.hadoop.cql3.CqlRecordWriter$RangeClient.run(CqlRecordWriter.java:232)
我使用简单的数据类型测试了完全相同的工作流程,并且工作正常。我真正想要的是用复杂类型填充cassandra表的方法,例如Pig中的集合或列表。
非常感谢
答案 0 :(得分:2)
经过进一步调查,我在这里找到了解决方案:
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-5867
基本上,CqlStorage支持复杂类型。为此,类型应该由元组中的元组表示,作为第一个元素将非常数据类型作为字符串。对于列表,这就是人们如何做到这一点:
# python
@outputSchema("flat_bag:bag{}")
def flattenBag(bag):
return ('list',) + tuple([long(item) for tup in bag for item in tup])
因此,在grunt:
# pig
CassandraAggregate = FOREACH GroupedRelation
GENERATE TOTUPLE(TOTUPLE('my_id', $0.my_id),
TOTUPLE('date', ISOToUnix($0.createdAt))),
TOTUPLE(COUNT($1), py_f.flattenBag($1.grouped_id));
DUMP CassandraAggregate;
(((my_id,30021),(date,1357084800000)),(2,(list, 60128490006325819,62726281032786005)))
(((my_id,31120),(date,1357084800000)),(1,(list, 60128411174143024)))
(((my_id,31120),(date,1357084800000)),(1,(list, 60128411146211875,63645100121476995,6012841114621187563645100121476995)))
然后使用经典编码的预处理语句将其存储到cassandra中。
希望这会有所帮助。