我有一个模型Region
,每个Region
都可以有子区域。每个子区域都有一个字段parent_id
,它是其父区域的id。这是我的模型的样子
class Region(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'regions'
__table_args__ = {'schema': 'schema_name'}
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(100))
parent_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('regions.id'))
parent = db.relationship('Region', primaryjoin=('Region.parent_id==Region.id'), backref='sub-regions')
created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=db.func.now())
deleted_at = db.Column(db.DateTime)
当我尝试db.create_all
时,我收到此错误sqlalchemy.exc.NoReferencedTableError: Foreign key associated with column 'regions.parent_id' could not find table 'regions' with which to generate a foreign key to target column 'id'
为什么我在regions
中指定__tablename__
时找不到__table_args__ = {'schema': 'schema_name'}
?我正在使用flask-sqlalchemy版本1.0
编辑 - 我删除了这行
{{1}}从我的代码
它的工作原理。打败了我。
答案 0 :(得分:9)
您必须告诉SQLAlchemy关系的“远程端”是什么,以区分当前行和要连接的行。相关解释位于this section of the documentation关系的中间位置。
这种关系可能如下所示:
parent = db.relationship('Region', remote_side=id, backref='sub_regions')
这是一个展示自我指涉关系的例子:
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.engine import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative.api import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=True)
Session = sessionmaker(engine)
Base = declarative_base(engine)
session = Session()
class Region(Base):
__tablename__ = 'region'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String, nullable=False)
parent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('region.id'), index=True)
parent = relationship(lambda: Region, remote_side=id, backref='sub_regions')
Base.metadata.create_all()
r1 = Region(name='United States of America')
r2 = Region(name='California', parent=r1)
session.add_all((r1, r2))
session.commit()
ca = session.query(Region).filter_by(name='California').first()
print ca.parent.name
自启用echo以来,SQL输出会有很多行,脚本最后会打印“美利坚合众国”。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
我对模式名称参数有同样的问题。我改变它的工作原理是直接在ForeignKey和关系中引用表类而不是使用字符串。 例如:
parent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey(Region.id), index=True)
parent = relationship(lambda: Region, remote_side=id, backref='sub_regions')
答案 2 :(得分:0)
我只看到与@davidism的细微差别,但这对我来说直接在SQLAlchemy中起作用。
from sqlalchemy import Column
from sqlalchemy import Integer
from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
from sqlalchemy.orm import backref
class Region(Base):
__tablename__ = 'region'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
parent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('region.id'), index=True)
sub_regions = relationship('Region', backref=backref('parent', remote_side='Region.id'))
正如他指出的那样,我猜测你不需要导入,但应该在db
前加上它们,如下所示:
class Region(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'region'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
parent_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('region.id'), index=True)
sub_regions = db.relationship('Region', backref=db.backref('parent', remote_side='Region.id'))
答案 3 :(得分:0)
如果对任何表使用模式,则具有引用这些模式表的外键的其他表必须提供模式的名称。见the docs here
class Table(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'table_1_name'
__table_args__ = {'schema': 'my_schema'}
id = Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True)
...
class AnotherTable(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'table_2_name'
# Doesn't matter if this belongs to the same or different schema
# __table_args__ = {'schema': 'my_schema'}
id = Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True)
t1_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('my_schema.table_1_name.id'))
...
适用于SQLAlchemy和Flask-SQLAlchemy。希望这可以帮助。 :d