Question

我正在尝试从Python程序执行shell脚本。而不是使用subprocess.call，我使用subprocess.Popen，因为我希望在变量中执行shell脚本时看到shell脚本的输出和错误（

）。

#!/usr/bin/python

import subprocess
import json
import socket
import os

jsonStr = '{"script":"#!/bin/bash\\necho Hello world\\n"}'
j = json.loads(jsonStr)

shell_script = j['script']

print shell_script

print "start"
proc = subprocess.Popen(shell_script, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdout, stderr) = proc.communicate()
if stderr:
   print "Shell script gave some error"
   print stderr
else:
   print stdout
   print "end" # Shell script ran fine.

但是上面的代码每当我运行时，我总是得到这样的错误 -

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "hello.py", line 29, in <module>
    proc = subprocess.Popen(shell_script, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 711, in __init__
    errread, errwrite)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1308, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory

知道我在这里做错了什么？

Answer 1

要执行以字符串形式给出的任意shell脚本，只需添加shell=True参数。

#!/usr/bin/env python
from subprocess import call
from textwrap import dedent

call(dedent("""\
    #!/bin/bash
    echo Hello world
    """), shell=True)

Answer 2

你可以用shell=True执行它（你也可以省去shebang）。

proc = subprocess.Popen(j['script'], shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) (stdout, stderr) = proc.communicate()

或者，您可以这样做：

proc = subprocess.Popen(['echo', 'Hello world'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

或者，您可以将脚本写入文件，然后调用它：

inf = open('test.sh', 'wb')
inf.write(j['script'])
inf.close()

print "start"
proc = subprocess.Popen(['sh', 'test.sh'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdout, stderr) = proc.communicate()

在Python中使用subprocess.Popen执行shell脚本？

2 个答案: