OSX +自制软件用户：

Question

使用pip安装python包时遇到HTTPSHandler错误，以下是堆栈跟踪，

--------desktop:~$ pip install Django==1.3
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/env/.genv/bin/pip", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('pip==1.4.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 378, in load_entry_point
    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2566, in load_entry_point
    return ep.load()
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2260, in load
    entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from pip.util import get_installed_distributions, get_prog
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/util.py", line 17, in <module>
    from pip.vendor.distlib import version
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/vendor/distlib/version.py", line 13, in <module>
    from .compat import string_types
  File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/vendor/distlib/compat.py", line 31, in <module>
    from urllib2 import (Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError,
ImportError: cannot import name HTTPSHandler

我以前编辑Modules / setup.dist文件并取消注释SSL代码行并重新构建它，参考以下主题：http://forums.opensuse.org/english/get-technical-help-here/applications/488962-opensuse-python-openssl-2.html

Answer 1

OSX +自制软件用户：

您可以获得食谱的最新更新：

brew reinstall python

但如果你仍然遇到问题，例如也许你已经升级了你的操作系统，那么你可能需要先获得最新的openssl。您可以查看使用的版本和位置：

openssl version -a
which openssl

获取最新的openssl：

brew update
brew install openssl
brew link --overwrite --dry-run openssl  # safety first.
brew link openssl --overwrite

这可能会发出警告：

bash-4.3$ brew link --overwrite --dry-run openssl
Warning: Refusing to link: openssl Linking keg-only openssl means you may end up linking against the insecure, deprecated system OpenSSL while using the headers from Homebrew's openssl. 
Instead, pass the full include/library paths to your compiler e.g.: 
-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib

附注：此警告表示对于其他应用，您可能需要使用

export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib
export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include

然后重新编译python：

brew uninstall python
brew install python --with-brewed-openssl

或用于python 3

brew uninstall python3
brew install python3 --with-brewed-openssl

Answer 2

如果需要SSL支持，则需要在构建Python之前安装OpenSSL头文件。在Debian和Ubuntu上，它们位于名为libssl-dev的包中。您可能需要更多依赖项as noted here。

Answer 3

自制

这可能是由于升级到小牛队造成的。以下是我修复它的方法。

更新OpenSSL

#make a copy of the existing library, just in case
sudo cp /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.apple

# update openssl 
brew update
brew install openssl
brew link --force openssl

# reload terminal paths
hash -r

重新安装Python

Python 3

brew uninstall python3

brew install python3 --with-brewed-openssl

Python 2

brew uninstall python

brew install python --with-brewed-openssl

此答案整合了我找到的所有Stack Exchange答案和评论，主要基于此Apple Stack Exchange answer。

Answer 4

您需要在make之前安装OpenSSl并安装Python来解决问题。

On Centos：

yum install openssl openssl-devel -y

^source

Answer 5

即使在确认我的PATH等之后，我在Mac OSX上遇到了这个问题。

做了一个;点击卸载virtualenv然后安装virtualenv它现在似乎有效。

当时我强迫brew连接openssl，取消关联它和virtualenv似乎仍然有效，但可能是因为它最初是在重新安装时链接的。

Answer 6

这个问题的另一个症状是，如果我进入我的virtualenv的python控制台并且import ssl它会出错。事实证明我的virtualenv没有使用brew版本的python，只是我机器上的默认安装。不知道为什么默认安装突然停止工作，但这是我如何修复它的问题：

rmvirtualenv myvirtualenv
brew update
brew reinstall python
mkvirtualenv -p /usr/local/Cellar/python/whatever_version_number/bin/python myvirtualenv

Answer 7

您的pip似乎需要HTTPSHandler，这是SSL库的一部分。

<强> OSX

在OS X上，您应该在Python安装期间链接OpenSSL（参见：#14497）。

对于Python 2：

brew reinstall python --with-brewed-openssl
pip install --upgrade pip

对于Python 3：

brew reinstall python3 --with-brewed-openssl
pip3 install --upgrade pip

你可以将多个Python实例放在一起，列出它们运行：

brew list | grep ^python

或通过ls -al /usr/local/lib/python*列出您的版本。

Answer 8

我正在使用Redhat并遇到了同样的问题。

我的解决方案是：

安装openssl和openssl-devel ---- yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
安装krb5-devel ---- yum install krb5-devel
切换到你的python目录并重新编译它---- make

如果我没有做第二步，当我重新编译我的python2.7时，日志会说“无法构建模块_ssl”。

Answer 9

在许多情况下，这是由过时的virtualenv引起的，这里是一个重新生成虚拟文件的脚本：https://gist.github.com/WoLpH/fb98f7dc6ba6f05da2b8

只需将其复制到文件（上面的可下载链接）并执行如下：zsh -e recreate_virtualenvs.sh <project_name>

#!/bin/zsh -e

if [ ! -d "$PROJECT_HOME" ]; then
    echo 'Your $PROJECT_HOME needs to be defined'
    echo 'http://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.org/en/latest/install.html#location-of-project-directories'
    exit 1
fi

if [ "" = "$1" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <project_name>"
    exit 1
fi

env="$1"
project_dir="$PROJECT_HOME/$1"
env_dir="$HOME/envs/$1"

function command_exists(){
    type $1 2>/dev/null | grep -vq ' not found'
}

if command_exists workon; then
    echo 'Getting virtualenvwrapper from environment'
    # Workon exists, nothing to do :)

elif [ -x ~/bin/mount_workon ]; then
    echo 'Using mount workon'
    # Optional support for packaged project directories and virtualenvs using
    # https://github.com/WoLpH/dotfiles/blob/master/bin/mount_workon
    . ~/bin/mount_workon
    mount_file "$project_dir"
    mount_file "$env_dir"

elif command_exists virtualenvwrapper.sh; then
    echo 'Using virtualenvwrapper'
    . $(which virtualenvwrapper.sh)
fi

if ! command_exists workon; then
    echo 'Virtualenvwrapper not found, please install it'
    exit 1
fi

rmvirtualenv $env || true

echo "Recreating $env"
mkvirtualenv $env || true
workon "$env" || true
pip install virtualenv{,wrapper}

cd $project_dir
setvirtualenvproject 

if [ -f setup.py ]; then
    echo "Installing local package"
    pip install -e .
fi

function install_requirements(){
    # Installing requirements from given file, if it exists
    if [ -f "$1" ]; then
        echo "Installing requirements from $1"
        pip install -r "$1"
    fi
}

install_requirements requirements_test.txt
install_requirements requirements-test.txt
install_requirements requirements.txt
install_requirements test_requirements.txt
install_requirements test-requirements.txt

if [ -d docs ]; then
    echo "Found docs, installing sphinx"
    pip install sphinx{,-pypi-upload} py
fi

echo "Installing ipython"
pip install ipython

if [ -f tox.ini ]; then
    deps=$(python -c "
parser=__import__('ConfigParser').ConfigParser();
parser.read('tox.ini');
print parser.get('testenv', 'deps').strip().replace('{toxinidir}/', '')")
    echo "Found deps from tox.ini: $deps"
    echo $deps | parallel -v --no-notice pip install {}
fi

if [ -f .travis.yml ]; then
    echo "Found deps from travis:"
    installs=$(grep 'pip install' .travis.yml | grep -v '\$' | sed -e 's/.*pip install/pip install/' | grep -v 'pip install . --use-mirrors' | sed -e 's/$/;/')
    echo $installs
    eval $installs
fi

deactivate

Answer 10

在OSX上，brew一直拒绝使用此错误链接其openssl：

15:27 $ brew link --force openssl
Warning: Refusing to link: openssl
Linking keg-only openssl means you may end up linking against the insecure,
deprecated system OpenSSL while using the headers from Homebrew's openssl.
Instead, pass the full include/library paths to your compiler e.g.:
  -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib

我终于能够使用它了：

  brew remove openssl
  brew uninstall --force openssl
  brew install openssl
  export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib
  export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include
  brew remove python
  brew update
  brew install python

Answer 11

对于Ubuntu

首先检查一下安装openssl-develop

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

尝试其他方式重新安装pip

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
sudo easy_install pip

使用setuptools安装pip而不是使用源代码安装可以解决依赖问题。

Answer 12

只需安装ssl pyopenssl

pip install pyopenssl

ImportError：无法使用PIP导入名称HTTPSHandler

12 个答案:

OSX +自制软件用户：

自制

更新OpenSSL

重新安装Python

Python 3

Python 2

对于Ubuntu