只是想知道我的代码可能出错了以获得错误。我一直在 错误代码是:
“在C:\ begperl / final.pl第136,138,167,169行,第2006行(#1)”的哈希元素中使用未初始化的值$值“
我打印出我的阵列,但它们都打印出来,所以我有点不知道为什么我的变量是空的。谢谢!
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use diagnostics;
#opens txt file: read mode
open MYFILE, '<', 'source_file.txt' or die $!;
#opens output txt file: write mode
open OUT, '>', 'Summary_Report.txt' or die $!;
my @header;
my $i = 0;
my $packet_size = 0;
my $start_time = undef;
my $end_time;
my @source_ip;
my @source_port;
my $src_port;
my @src_port;
my @dest_ip;
my @dest_port;
my $destination_port;
my @destination_port;
while (<MYFILE>) {
chomp; #break new line
#separate pieces of information from TCPDUMP into list
@header = split (/\s+/, $_);
if (/^\d+:\d+/) {
##############################T I M E###################################
#defining first 'line & time' as 'special'
if (/^22:28/ && !defined($start_time)) {
$start_time = $header[0];
#print "$start_time\n"; check
}
if (/22:28/) {
$end_time = $header[0];
}
############################S O U R C E##################################
#categorizing each section of ip's from source
@source_ip = split ('\.', $header[2]);
#joining ip's together
$source_ip[$i] = join '.', @source_ip[0 .. 3];
#print $source_ip[$i];
@source_port = split (':', $source_ip[4]);
$src_port[$i] = $source_port[0];
#########################D E S T I N A T I O N###########################
#categorizing each section of ip's from destination
@dest_ip = split ('\.', $header[4]);
#joining ip's together
$dest_ip[$i] = join '.', @dest_ip[0 .. 3];
#print $dest_ip[$i];
@dest_port = split (':', $dest_ip[4]);
$destination_port[$i] = $dest_port[0];
#print $destination_port[$i];
#############################L E N G T H#################################
#-1 represents length
#transferring $header[-1] into 'total length'
$packet_size += $header[-1];
#print $packet_size;
$i++;
}
}
my @total_timesplit;
my @s_timesplit = split (':', $start_time);
#print @s_timesplit;
my @e_timesplit = split (':', $end_time);
#print @e_timesplit;
for $i (0 .. 2) {
$total_timesplit[$i] = $e_timesplit[$i] - $s_timesplit[$i];
#print @total_timesplit;
}
#Yields average packet size
my $avg_length = $packet_size/$i;
#print $avg_length;
close MYFILE;
#########################D A T A S E C T I O N###########################
open MYFILE, '<', 'source_file.txt' or die $!;
my $user = 0;
my $pass = 0;
#separating loop to reset values#
while (<MYFILE>) {
#finds all instances of USER
$user++ if /USER/i;
#print $user;
#finds all instances of PASS
$pass++ if /PASS/i;
#print $pass;
}
##############################SOURCEIPHASH##############################
my %seenip_source;
my @uniqueip_source;
my $sourceips_unique;
foreach my $value (@source_ip) {
if (! $seenip_source{$value}) {
push @uniqueip_source, $value;
$seenip_source{$value} = 1;
}
}
$sourceips_unique = @uniqueip_source;
#########################SOURCEPORTHASH#################################
my %seenport_source;
my @uniqueport_source;
my $sourceports_unique;
foreach my $value (@source_port) {
if (! $seenport_source{$value}) {
push @uniqueport_source, $value;
$seenport_source{$value} = 1;
}
}
$sourceports_unique = @uniqueport_source;
##########################DESTINATIONIPHASH#############################
my %seenip_dest;
my @uniqueip_dest;
my $destips_unique;
foreach my $value (@dest_ip) {
if (! $seenip_dest{$value}) {
push @uniqueip_dest, $value;
$seenip_dest{$value} = 1;
}
}
$destips_unique = @uniqueip_dest;
#########################DESTINATIONPORTSHASH###########################
my %seenport_dest;
my @uniqueport_dest;
my $destports_unique;
foreach my $value (@dest_port) {
if (! $seenport_dest{$value}) {
push @uniqueport_dest, $value;
$seenport_dest{$value} = 1;
}
}
$destports_unique = @uniqueport_dest;
#########################################################################
答案 0 :(得分:5)
问题在于:
my $i = 0;
while (<MYFILE>)
@source_ip = split ('\.', $header[2]);
$source_ip[$i] = join '.', @source_ip[0 .. 3];
...
$i++;
}
split
行可能会创建四个元素,因此source_ip
类似于("111", "112", "113", "114")
。您将这四个字段连接在一起并将它们写入$ i
- 字段。对于$i == 0
,这会覆盖第一个字段:
("111.112.113.114", "112", "113", "114")
对于$i == 4
,这会附加一个字段:
("111", "112", "113", "114", "111.112.113.114")
对于$i == 5
或更大,中间会有一个空字段:
("111", "112", "113", "114", undef, "111.112.113.114")
稍后,您循环遍历该数组:
foreach my $value (@source_ip) {
if (! $seenip_source{$value}) {
...
所以{I} $value
就是undef
。 哈希只能使用字符串作为键,因此undef
被强制转换为空字符串''
,并发出警告。
如何纠正?我不确定,因为我不确定您的代码的意图(我不知道您的输入数据将如何显示,以及您想要的输出)。通常,您需要将变量声明为尽可能接近其使用,而不是覆盖它们。我可以想象你的确想要:
my @source_ip;
while (<MYFILE>)
my @ip_parts = split ('\.', $header[2]);
push @source_ip, join '.', @ip_parts[0 .. 3];
...
}
push
builtin将元素附加到给定数组的末尾,因此您不需要指定索引。对临时@ip_parts
和存储结果的数组使用不同的变量可以更容易地避免错误 - 变量很便宜,所以不需要谨慎使用它们!